Habilidades empresariais e implicações educacionais nos contextos europeus: um estudo comparativo a partir da perspectiva dos profissionais
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/reec.43.2023.34571Palavras-chave:
Educação empresarial; Capacidade empreendedora; Necessidades educacionais; Boas práticas empreendedoras; Assessores de empreendedorismo; Pesquisa qualitativa.Resumo
Apesar da importância do empreendedorismo como ferramenta para gerar emprego, crescimento econômico e social em um país, especialmente em tempos pós-pandêmicos, e dos programas de educação e apoio desenvolvidos para incentivá-lo, a porcentagem de projetos empresariais que falham continua a aumentar. As causas incluem aspectos financeiros, estruturais e pessoais. Esta pesquisa visa, através das percepções dos formadores e consultores profissionais de empreendedorismo, (1) caracterizar a situação do empreendedorismo em quatro países europeus com impacto empresarial - Estônia, Irlanda, Holanda e Reino Unido -, (2) identificar as habilidades e necessidades necessárias para o desenvolvimento destes projetos, e (3) destacar as boas práticas realizadas na Educação para o Empreendedorismo e programas de apoio a partir de uma perspectiva comparativa. O objetivo é estabelecer propostas de melhoria para o desenvolvimento da educação empresarial e programas de apoio que favoreçam o sucesso dos projetos empresariais. A metodologia é qualitativa, aplicando entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 15 assessores empresariais com diferentes perfis em treinamento empresarial e pertencentes a diferentes entidades. O conteúdo foi analisado utilizando o software NVivo 12 Plus, realizando os procedimentos correspondentes para a análise do conteúdo das entrevistas. Os resultados mostram, em todos os países, o grande volume de projetos empresariais que são desenvolvidos, sua distribuição por gênero, área e setores, e a importância de desenvolver competências empresariais específicas e transversais. Além disso, mostra também como, segundo os profissionais em todos os contextos, o aconselhamento individualizado, a orientação, o treinamento e as redes sociais favorecem o desenvolvimento dessas habilidades e atendem às necessidades empresariais dos usuários. Este conhecimento compartilhado confirma a necessidade de continuar trabalhando para melhorar os programas de treinamento em habilidades empreendedoras para o desenvolvimento e sucesso do empreendedorismo.
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