El uso de tecnologías en la orientación profesional: una revisión sistemática

Abstract

A labour world in constant change and the development of technology as a support for growth and modernisation in every sphere of people's life, prompt this research: a systematic review focused on the analysis and study of the evolution and integration of technologies in career guidance. A search was performed in five databases (Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo, Dialnet and ERIC) during January and February 2021; applying as inclusion criteria: articles and conference papers linking technology and vocational/career guidance; written in Spanish, English, French and Portuguese; published in the last ten years, included in the area of knowledge of Social Sciences and with full access to the text. After an initial register of one thousand hundred ninety-eight papers, we obtained a sample of twenty-eight articles for their in-depth analysis and textual statistics were applied as a method to assess the risk of bias. The results show that websites and blogs, together with software programs, are the most used technological tools in current career guidance. It was also noticed that there is a scarce use of more interactive and immersive tools, such as games or virtual worlds. The research concludes that, although the main reason to introduce technologies is to promote interaction and motivation among students, most of the research from the decade of 2010 to 2020 focuses on technological resources with an informative character, leaving out more innovative and participative technologies such as virtual worlds and games.