FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DETECTION RATE OF DYSLEXIA IN PRIMARY EDUCATION IN NAVARRE

Resumen

Studies on the prevalence of dyslexia in Spain have established a range between 11.8% (Gallego et al., 2011) and 3.2% (Jiménez et al., 2009) of dyslexic individuals, and have shown that the detection of dyslexia is influenced by age, diagnostic protocols, coexistence with other difficulties, gender, individual characteristics, and economic and social factors. However, no studies have analysed the effect of some factors on the detection of dyslexia within the school environment. Based on data from the regional census of the Department of Education of the Government of Navarre for the academic year 2021-2022, this study analyses a sample of more than 13,500 students in the 3^rd and 5^th year of Primary Education in 209 schools. Based on an empirical quantitative descriptive research design, this study compared the diagnostic rate depending on 5 factors: school type, context, size, linguistic programme, and participation in projects aimed at reading skills improvement. The results showed that the overall diagnosis rate for dyslexia is 3.17% (3^rd year) and 4.88% (5^th year) and that the only factors showing significant differences in diagnosis rate were size (lower detection rate in big schools and higher in small schools) and the linguistic programme of the school (lower detection rate in bilingual programmes in English than in monolingual programmes).