Los duelos y quebrantos de Bartolomé José Gallardo: el lenguaje y la comunicación de la sátira moderna en su “Diccionario crítico-burlesco”

Resumen

El objetivo de este trabajo es subrayar las calidades grotescas del Diccionario crítico-burlesco (1811), de Bartolomé José Gallardo: filólogo, erudito, bibliógrafo, poeta, periodista y polemista de muy singular significación en la literatura española del primer tercio del siglo XIX, e injustamente denostado debido a su famoso Diccionario. Una obra especialmente importante, pues inaugura la sátira moderna en el pensamiento y la cultura española en permanente diálogo con la estética grotesca de los grabados y las Pinturas negras de Francisco de Goya, de acuerdo también con la mejor tradición burlesca de la literatura barroca e ilustrada.

The purpose of this work is to study the grotesque aesthetics on Bartolomé José Gallardo's Diccionario crítico-burlesco (1811). Gallardo was a philologist, scholar, bibliographer, poet, journalist and debater of very singular significance in the Spanish literature of the first third of the nineteenth century, and was unjustly reviled due to his famous and polemical Diccionario. A crucially important work, in that it opens the modern satire in Spanish culture and thought, the Diccionario was in permanent dialogue with the grotesque aesthetics of Francisco de Goya's Caprichos and Pinturas negras, as well as with the best burlesque tradition of baroque culture and literature of the eighteenth century. A literary work that merits masterpiece status because it represents the vision of a major writer in contact, and often in conflict, with the common beliefs and behavior of his times.