Las emociones como constructo teórico y como práctica psicoterapéutica. El caso de la psicoterapia infantil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33898/rdp.v15i60.748Palabras clave:
emociones, psicoterapia, infancia, adolecencia, reacciones del terapeutaResumen
La psicoterapia es un campo de experiencia “extra-ordinaria”, en el cual el psicoterapeuta debe tener la habilidad de tratar con emociones, con el objetivo de mejorar las habilidades del paciente de regular sus propias emociones. Esto está más allá de la experiencia ordinaria, porque en este tipo de setting, no sólo los pacientes recuerdas sus experiencias emocionales del pasado, exigiendo empatía por parte del terapeuta, sino también evocan en él, continuamente y frecuentemente, reacciones emocionales, especialmente en sesiones en las cuales las dos partes están profundamente implicadas. En esta forma de relación profunda, algo pasa que no sólo es cognitivo, sino también kinético y somático, especialmente en la psicoterapia con niños y adolescentes. Esta forma de sessión terapéutica es una preciosa ocasión para aprender a expresar, comprender y tratar con las emociones. Este artículo presenta algunas teorías sobre emociones, que explican de diferente manera los factores que evocan emociones en la vida cotidiana y qué procesos están implicados. La descripción de sesiones terapéuticas con tres preadolescentes intenta mostrar como el concepto del terapeuta sobre el modelo específico de las emociones afecta su relación con el paciente y como aumenta la competencia emocional de éste.
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