Anticipatory Organizational Socialization and its Relationship with National Police Applicants' Attitudes and Behaviors

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.15.2.24091

Keywords:

organizational socialization, social support, personal resources, satisfaction with the preparation process, stress during the preparation process

Abstract

The main aim of this paper was to analyze the relationships between external resources and personal resources of participants during their process to pass the Estate Exam for the National Police and the results related to their attitudes and behaviors in relation to the same preparation process. In the study, a sample of 130 candidates to enter the National Police from all over Spain participated. The findings show that socialization related to organizational history and self-efficacy beliefs predict commitment to the preparation process, optimism predicts experienced stress, social support, and optimism together with self-efficacy predict satisfaction and, finally, the anticipatory socialization relative to the language of the organization predicted the excellent performance of the participants. The results are discussed in terms of their practical implications.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ahola, K., Hakanen, J. J. y Schaufeli, W. B. (2008). The Job Demands-Resources Model: A Three-Year Cross-lagged Study of Burnout, Depression, Commitment and Work Engagement. Work & Stress, 22(3), 224–241. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370802379432

Amarneh, B. (2017). Social Support Behaviors and Work Stressors among Nurses: A Comparative Study between Teaching and Non-teaching Hospitals. Behavioral Sciences, 7(1), 5. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/bs7010005

Annell, S., Lindfors, P. y Sverke, M. (2015). Police Selection–implications during Training and Early Career. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 38(2), 221–238.

Bailón Muñoz, E., Luna del Castillo, J., Medina Moreno, I. y Revilla Ahumada, L. D. L. (2005). Validación del cuestionario MOS de apoyo social en Atención Primaria [Validation of the MOS Questionnaire of Social Support in Primary Attention]. Medicina de Familia, 6, 10–18.

Bakker, A. B. y Demerouti, E. (2011). The Job Demands-Resources Model: Challenges for Future Research. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 37(2), 01–09. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v37i2.974

Bakker, A. B. y Demerouti, E. (2017). Job Demands–Resources Theory: Taking Stock and Looking Forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285. https://doi.org/ 10.1037/ocp0000056

Bakker, A. B., Shaufeli, W. B. y Van Rhenen, W. (2009). How Changes in Job Demands and Resources Predict Burnout, Work Engagement, and Sickness Absenteeism. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(7), 893–917.

Bakker, A. B, Demerouti, E. Nachreiner, F. y Schaufeli, W. B. (2001) The Job Demands-Resources Model of Burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology 86(3), 499–512.

Bakker, A. B. y Demerouti, E. (2007). The Job Demand Resources Model: A State of the Art. Journal of Managerial Psychology 22, 309–328.

Bakker, A. B. y Demerouti, E. (2013). Teoría de las demandas y recursos laborales [Job Demands-Resources Model]. Revista de Psicologia del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones, 29, 107–115. https://doi.org/10.5093/tr2013a16

Bakker, A. B. y Demerouti, E. (2017). Job-Demand Resources Theory: Taking Stock and Looking Forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 22(3), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056

Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E. y Sanz- Vergel, A. I. (2014). Burnout and Work Engagement: the JD-R Approach. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior 1, 389–411. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-031413-091235

Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., Schaufeli, W. B. y Van den Heuvel, M. (2010). Personal Resources and Work Engagement in the Face of Change. En J. Houdmont y S. Leka (eds.), Contemporary Occupational Health Psychology: Global Perspectives on Research and Practice, 1 (pp. 124–150). Chichester, UK, Wiley.

Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., Schaufeli, W. B. y Xanthopoulou, D. (2009). Reciprocal Relationships between Job Resources, Personal Resources, and Work Engagement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74, 235–244.

Betanzos-Díaz, N. y Paz-Rodríguez, F. (2011). Compromiso organizacional en profesionales de la salud. Revisión bibliográfica [Organizational commitment in health professionals. Bibliographic Review]. Revista de Enfermería del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 19(1), 35–41.

Bowling, N. A., Eschleman, K. J. y Wang, Q. (2010). A Meta‐analytic Examination of the Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Subjective Well‐being. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83(4), 915–934.

Caballero, C. y Sánchez, S. (2018). Salud mental en las Fuerzas y Cuerpos de Seguridad del Estado: Modelo de vulnerabilidad y Estrés [Mental Health in State Security Forces: Vulnerability and Stress Model]. Ciencia Policial, 150, 27–49.

Chao, G. T., Gardner, P. D., Klein, H. J., O´Leary-Kelly, A. M. y Wolf, S. (1994). Organizational Socialization: Its Content and Consequences. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(5), 730–743.

Cohen, S. y Syme, S. L. (1985). Issues in the Study and Application of Social Support. Social Support and Health, 3, 3¬–22.

Crawford, E. R., Lepine, J. A. y Rich, B. L. (2010). Linking Job Demands and Resources to Employee Engagement and Burnout: A Theoretical Extension and Meta-analytic Test. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(5), 834–848.

Cuvelier, S. J., Jia, D. y Jin, C. (2015). Chinese Police Cadets’ Attitudes toward Police Roles Revisited. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 38(2), 250–264.

Demerouti, E. y Bakker, A. B. (2011). The Job Demands-resources Model: Challenges for Future Research. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 37(2), 01–09.

Dimitrijević, R., Koropanovski, N., Dopsaj, M., Vučković, G. y Janković, R. (2014). The Influence of Different Physical Education Programs on Police Students’ Physical Abilities. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 37(4), 794–808.

Elias, J., Sudhir, P. y Mehrotra, S. (2016). Long-term Engagement in Formal Volunteering and Well-being: An Exploratory Indian Study. Behavioral Sciences, 6(4), 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs6040020

Fernet, C., Austin, S., Trépanier, S. G. y Dussault, M. (2013). How Do Job Characteristics Contribute to Burnout? Exploring the Distinct Mediating Roles of Perceived Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 22(2), 123–137.

García-Naveira, A., Ortín, F. J. y Ruiz-Barquín, R. (1998). Optimismo y competitividad en jóvenes atletas de rendimiento [Optimism and Competiveness on the Performance of Young Athletes]. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 47(2), 124–135.

Gruman, J. A. y Saks, A. M. (2011). Organizational Socialization and Positive Organizational Behaviour: Implications for Theory, Research, and Practice. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 28(1), 14–26. https://doi.org/10.1002/CJAS.169

Gruman, J. A. y Saks, A. M. (2011). Getting Newcomers Engaged: The Role of Socialization Tactics. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 26(5), 383–402. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683941111139001

Halbesleben, J. R. B (2010). A Meta-Analysis of Work Engagement: Relationships with Burnout, Demands, Resources, and Consequences. En A. B. Bakker (ed.) y M. P. Leiter, Work Engagement: A Handbook of Essential Theory and Research (pp.102–117). New York, US: Psychology Press.

Hobfoll, S. E. (1998). Stress, Culture, and Community. New York, NY: Plenum.

Hofmann, D. A., Morgenson, F. P. y Nahrgang, J. D. (2011). Safety at Work: A Meta-analytic Investigation of the Link between Job Demands, Job Resources, Burnout, Engagement, and Safety Outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(1), 71–94. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021484

Ivie, D. y Garland, B. (2011). Stress and Burnout in Policing: Does Military Experience Matter? Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 34(1), 49–66.

Knight, P. A. y Riggs, M. L. (1994). The Impact of Perceived Group Success-Failure on Motivational Beliefs and Attitudes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(5), 755–766.

Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C. M., Hildebrandt, V. H., De Vet, H. C. y Van der Beek, A. J. (2014). Construct Validity of the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 56(3), 331–337.

Lepold, A., Tanzer, N. y Jiménez, P. (2018). Expectations of Bank Employees on the Influence of Key Performance Indicators and the Relationship with Job Satisfaction and Work Engagement. Social Sciences, 7(6), 1–13.

Lisbona, A., Morales, J. F. y Palací, F. J. (2009). El engagement como resultado de la socialización organizacional [Engagement as a Consequence of Organizational Socialization]. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 9(1) 89–100. Recuperado de https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/2873396.pdf

Martin, L., Oepen, R., Bauer, K., Nottensteiner, A., Mergheim, K., Gruber, H. y Koch, S. (2018). Creative Arts Interventions for Stress Management and Prevention—a Systematic Review. Behavioral Sciences, 8(2), 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs8020028

Mauno, S., Kinnunen, U. y Ruokolainen, M. (2007). Job Demands and Resources as Antecedents of Work Engagement: A Longitudinal Study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 70(1), 149–171.

Molina-Praena, J., Ramirez-Baena, L., Gómez-Urquiza, J., Cañadas, G. y De la Fuente, E. (2018). Levels of Burnout and Risk Factors in Medical Area Nurses: A Meta-Analytic Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(12), 2800. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122800

Patel, R., Bachu, R., Adikey, A., Malik, M. y Shah, M. (2018). Factors Related to Physician Burnout and its Consequences: A Review. Behavioral Sciences, 8(11), 98. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs8110098

Pérez-Fuentes, M., Molero Jurado, M., Martos Martínez, Á. y Gázquez Linares, J. (2018). New Burnout Evaluation Model Based on the Brief Burnout Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties for Nursing. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(12), 2718 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122718

Phua, F. T. T. y Thompson, E. R. (2012). A Brief Index of Affective Job Satisfaction. Group Organization Management, 37(3), 275–307. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601111434201

Schaufeli, W. B. y Salanova, M. (2007). Efficacy or Inefficacy, that's the Question: Burnout and Work Engagement, and their Relationships with Efficacy Beliefs. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, 20(2), 177–196.

Scheier, M. F. y Carver, C. S. (1985). Optimism, Coping, And Health: Assessment and Implications of Generalized Outcome Expectancies. Health Psychology, 4(3), 219–247.

Sherbourne, C. D. y Stewart, A. L. (1991). The MOS Social Support Survey. Social Science & Medicine, 32(6), 705–714.

Webster, J. (2014). Perceived Stress among Police Officers: An Integrative Model of Stress and Coping. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 37(4), 839–857.

Published

2018-12-26

How to Cite

Marcos Lorenzo, A., Tirado, G., & Topa, G. (2018). Anticipatory Organizational Socialization and its Relationship with National Police Applicants’ Attitudes and Behaviors. Acción Psicológica, 15(2), 129–146. https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.15.2.24091

Issue

Section

Artículos de temática libre [Selection of articles]