Análisis de la relación entre apoyo social y lesiones en futbolistas federados
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.14.1.19261Palabras clave:
lesiones deportivas, apoyo social, futbolistas, sport injuries, social support, football playersAgencias Financiadoras:
Este trabajo se ha realizado gracias a la ayuda del Proyecto de la Federación de Fútbol de la Región de Murcia y la Universidad de Murcia, Football Project FFRM UMU (04 0092 321B 64502 14704)Resumen
Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si había diferencias entre un grupo de futbolistas que han estado lesionados la temporada anterior y uno de futbolistas que no han estado lesionados en los niveles de apoyo social percibido por parte de los jugadores. La muestra estuvo formada por 219 jugadores sénior de fútbol (80.1 %) y fútbol sala (19.9 %) federados (de categorías primera, segunda, autonómica, preferente y categorías inferiores) a nivel regional. De ellos, 138 futbolistas formaron el grupo de aquellos que no sufrieron ninguna lesión deportiva durante la temporada anterior y 81 que sufrieron una o más lesiones. Las variables de estudio fueron el apoyo social percibido y las lesiones deportivas, evaluadas por la Escala Multidimensional de Apoyo Social Percibido de Landeta y Calvete (2002) y un instrumento ad hoc, respectivamente. Los resultados muestran que el grupo de futbolistas no lesionados, respecto al grupo de futbolistas lesionados, poseía niveles más altos de apoyo social en los tres ámbitos de éste (apoyo de los amigos M = 24.05 frente a M = 23.77; apoyo de la familia M = 24.71 frente a M = 24.19; y apoyo de otras personas relevantes M = 24.74 frente a M = 23.71), aunque dichas diferencias no fueron estadísticamente significativas (p = .708; p = .443; p = .143). No se puede afirmar que la provisión de apoyo social a los jugadores de fútbol sirva para prevenir las lesiones deportivas, aunque sí existen diferencias entre el grupo de lesionados y el grupo de no lesionados, pero éstas no han sido significativas.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine if there were differences between a group of players who have been injured the previous season and one of players who have not been injured in the levels of social support perceived by the players. The sample consisted of 219 senior football players (80.1 %) and federated football (19.9 %) at the regional level. Of these, 138 football players formed the group of those who did not suffer any sport injury during the previous season and 81 who suffered one or more injuries. The study variables were perceived social support and sports injuries, assessed by the Multidimensional Scale of Social Perceived Support (Landeta y Calvete, 2002) and an ad hoc instrument, respectively. The results show that the group of players non-injured players, compared to the group of injured players, had higher levels of social support in three areas of this (friends support M = 24.05 vs. M = 23.77; family support M = 24.71 vs. M = 24.19; and support from other relevant people M = 24.74 vs. M = 23.71), although these differences were not statistically significant (p = .708; p = .443; p = .143). We cannot say that the provision of social support for soccer players serve to prevent sports injuries, although there are differences between the group of injured and uninjured group, but these have not been significant.
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