Acción Psicológica

Symbiosis and Aggression: The Impossibility of signifying the internal world in Deaf Girl

Laura Hernández — 2023-03-30

The present investigation analyzed the symbiotic bond that a deaf girl established with her hearing mother, due to the lack of an optimal method to communicate, which caused an inability to signify her internal world, causing a late separation and generating aggressive behaviors during the development of hearing. the girl. Margaret Mahler points out that for a child to achieve an adequate level of development, they must go through a phase of autism and normal symbiosis to later go through the subphases of the individuation and separation process, which in the patient did not happen adequately, generating their consequent effects. For her part, Melanie Klein explains how the internal world and aggression are constructed, therefore the postulates of these two authors are taken, fundamental to understanding the case. In addition to the above, disability is addressed to expose the impossibility of the patient to signify her internal world and communicate it effectively, until the acquisition of Mexican Sign Language (MSL). Regarding the method, it is the in-depth analysis of this case that supports this research, which was carried out under a qualitative methodology based on case analysis, the information was obtained over a year of treatment through clinical sessions with the patient, in-depth interviews with the mother, games, direct observation, drawings and LSM.

Influence of Organizational and Personal Variables of Direct care Staff on Person-Centered Care in Residences for Dementia. A Narrative Review

Romina Tirigay — 2023-03-30

Both the characteristics of the direct care staff and those of the institution have a direct influence on the person-centered care model in long-term residences for patients with dementia. But there is controversy over which of these variables are more decisive in the application of this model. For this reason, this review aims to study what are the variables, both personal and organizational, that influence the perspective of caregivers on their approach of person-centered care in long-term residences for dementia. A narrative review was carried out based on relevant articles identified through PubMed and NICE published between 2000 and 2020 using the keywords "Person-centered care", "dementia", "residences for people with long-term dementia", "Institutionalized older adults with dementia", "direct care staff" "variables of direct care staff" and "institutional variables". The findings of the current review show that there is an influence of personal variables (burnout and years of education) as well as institutional variables (physical environment, collaboration on care, support from management and psychosocial climate). From both groups of variables, the results indicate that the opinion of professionals in relation to the care they provide, depend more on an organizational dimension than on personal variables.

Self-care against Sexually Transmitted Diseases in University Students in Mexico

Cruz García Lirios — 2023-03-30

Abstract –Studies of adherence to treatment have explained the trajectories of relationships between determinants from theoretical models related to reasoned action and planned behavior, although the emphasis on cognition assumes that adherence is a subjective project rather than a group one. The present work proposed to investigate the effect of norms and values on beliefs, attitudes, and intentions as antecedent variables of adherence to treatment. An exploratory, cross-sectional, psychometric, and correlational study was carried out with a sample of 258 students, selected for their participation in professional practices and social service in the area of health and risk prevention. The results show that the interrelation between cultural factors –norms, values, beliefs– with cognitive factors –attitudes, knowledge, perceptions, intentions– determine adherence to treatment, but their influence supposes the inclusion of other explanatory factors of the socioeconomic threshold and sociodemographic determinant of adherence to treatment in age groups and economic contexts

Family Bonding Process in University Psychological Clinic: Perspective of Family Therapists

Romina Galdámez Del Valle — 2023-03-30

In situations of divorce or conflict separation, children often disassociate themselves from one of their parents. From the best interests of the child, observing the need for the children to bond with both parents and their extended families, the process of family reunification carried out by 5 family therapists from a University Psychological Clinic was investigated, based on the referral from the Court of Family. With a qualitative methodology and a descriptive design, the focused individual interview with check-up and the group interview were used as data collection techniques. Among the results, two central nuclei of content were identified: Intervention process and Reordering of family system relationships, from which the family reunification process is systematized in a flowchart, indicating phases, criteria and / or objectives. The results are discussed confirming the agreement with conceptual aspects; The resistance of the adults with respect to the re-bonding process and especially those associated with the linked adult are observed, being necessary to strengthen the bonds of mutual trust, and the necessary approach to psychopathological symptoms that may appear in any of the family members. The reflective exercise carried out by therapists by observing their practices and the need to maintain these spaces as an ethical duty stands out.

The Stigma towards severe mental illness (SMI) in professionals: a systematic review

Irene Martínez-Cava Cáceres — 2023-03-30

Stigma in health professionals is an object of study that is receiving more attention, due to the key role they play in the recovery process, as well as in the implementation of interventions and the dissemination of mental health conditions encompassed by the concept of Serious Mental Disorder. The objective of this article is to carry out a systematic review of the research that addresses stigma in health professionals to know the current state of knowledge on this subject. The results point to complex relationships that are part of the phenomenon of stigma. On the one hand, due to the presence of stigma (beliefs, emotions and discriminatory behaviors) in health professionals, as well as relationships between this stigma and care practices. On the other hand, they also show professionals as objects of stigmatization and the stressful consequences of stigma in the exercise of their profession. Finally, a last category emerges that shows professionals as agents of destigmatization.

Representations and Practices Around the Implementation of Comprehensive Sexuality Education in an Elementary School from Río Cuarto (Córdoba, Aregentina)

Mariela Rosana Caraballo — 2023-03-30

Law 26,150 -Comprehensive Sexuality Education- (2006) establishes sexuality education as a public political intervention in Argentina. However, its implementation is partial. The main obstacles are resistance from social sectors and traditional institutions and the lack of teacher training. This university project in the community was carried out at the request of a elementary school from Río Cuarto (Córdoba). During the project the teachers reflected and deepened their knowledge about C.S.E. The project has a qualitative, cross-sectional and exploratory design. Sampling is non-probabilistic and the sample is of typical cases. Twenty teachers from an elementary school from Río Cuarto (Córdoba, Argentina) participated in the project. The research techniques were ad hoc exploratory questionnaires, group dynamics and opinion polls. As a result, a distortion was observed between the teacher's perception of the knowledge of C.S.E. and real knowledge. Likewise, teachers positively value the C.S.E

Perceived Social Support as a Protective Factor for Suicidal Ideation in Pregnant Women

Pilar Carolina Castelao Legazpi — 2023-03-30

Introduction: Motherhood is a time in women's lives when support from the social environment is especially needed to mitigate the demands required by the gestation period and the immediate postpartum period.

Methods: In this multicentre study, the sample includes 1524 pregnant women recruited from the obstetric area of two Spanish tertiary care hospitals. We compare the responses of women who report suicidal ideation with those who report no suicidal ideation. We analyzed their responses to item 9 of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and comparing the differences in the different dimensions of the PHQ-9 (cognitive-affective, psychomotor and pregnancy-related somatic). Analysing their responses on the Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory (PDPI-R), we also studied which components of perceived social support worked as predictors of prenatal suicidal ideation.

Results: Women with suicidal ideation have higher pregnancy-related cognitive-affective, psychomotor and somatic burden compared to those without suicidal ideation. Perceived lack of emotional support from partners or friends and perceived lack of practical support from family are predictors of suicidal ideation.

Introduction: Maternity is a time in women's lives when the support of the social environment is especially needed to mitigate the demands required by the gestation period and the immediate postpartum period.

We analysed which components of perceived social support functioned as predictors of prenatal suicidal ideation by analysing their responses on the Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory (PDPI-R). Results: Women with suicidal ideation have higher cognitive-affective, somatic and puerperal burden compared to those without suicidal ideation. Perceived lack of emotional support from partners or friends and perceived lack of practical support from family are predictors of suicidal ideation.

Discussion: Providing women with effective social support is important to prevent suicidal ideation.

Suicidal ideation among children and adolescents in Sucre: A comparison between children and adolescents with and without the experience of victimizing facts in their family

Kelly Romero-Acosta — 2023-03-30

Objective: 1) To determine the presence of suicidal ideation in children and adolescents in Sincelejo (Sucre, Colombia), considering age and sex and 2) To compare the presence of suicidal ideation in children and adolescents who have experienced a victimizing event with those who have not. Method: Quantitative approach, descriptive-comparative and cross-sectional. 1704 children and adolescents participated in the current study, most of the participants were female (n = 1016 girls; 59.6%). Results: A higher percentage of children and young people presented suicidal ideation between the ages of nine and fifteen, however, the cases decreased from 16 years of age onwards. Compared with children and adolescents who did not experience victimizing events in their family, a higher percentage of children and adolescents who experienced victimizing events in their family showed suicide ideation or planned to commit suicide almost all the time (p = .30). Children and young people with experiences of threat (p = .01), murder of loved ones (p =. 03) and kidnapping in the family (p =. 13) have generally thought or planned to commit suicide in a higher percentage than those without victimizing experiences. Conclusions: The current research contributes to the study of suicidal behaviour in Colombia, its definition and associated risk factors in the child and adolescent population who have lived and who have not experienced victimizing events in the framework of the armed conflict in Colombia.