Efectos de la conciencia y confianza en la disposición estudiantil para usar ChatGPT: modelo TAM-ECM integrado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/ried.28.2.43476Palabras clave:
ChatGPT, Modelo de Aceptación de la Tecnología (MAT), Modelado de Ecuaciones Estructurales (MES), satisfacción, conciencia, confianzaResumen
Aunque el uso de ChatGPT en el ámbito educativo se ha expandido rápidamente en las universidades, se conoce poco sobre los factores que influyen en la intención de los estudiantes de utilizar esta herramienta para apoyar su aprendizaje. Este estudio aborda esa brecha integrando el Modelo de Aceptación de la Tecnología (TAM), ampliado con las variables de conciencia y confianza, y el Modelo de Confirmación de Expectativas (ECM), con los constructos de confirmación y satisfacción. El modelo propuesto profundiza en la comprensión de la disposición de los estudiantes a utilizar ChatGPT. Se recopilaron datos de 322 estudiantes universitarios, analizados mediante Modelado de Ecuaciones Estructurales (SEM) con AMOS. Los resultados revelaron que la conciencia influye significativamente y de forma positiva en la utilidad percibida (PU) y en la facilidad de uso percibida (PEU). Además, la confianza mostró un efecto positivo sobre la PU, pero no impactó de manera relevante la PEU. Asimismo, la PU, la PEU y la confirmación afectaron positivamente la satisfacción de los estudiantes, la cual incide en su intención de utilizar ChatGPT. Por otro lado, tanto la PU como la PEU tuvieron un efecto positivo significativo en la intención de uso (BI) de la herramienta. El estudio ofrece recomendaciones para desarrolladores, responsables de políticas educativas e instituciones académicas, orientadas a comprender y fomentar la adopción de ChatGPT. Además, aporta información valiosa para mejorar el diseño y la seguridad del sistema, favoreciendo una experiencia amigable para el usuario y promoviendo su uso en el ámbito educativo.
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