El problema de la unidad de estudio en la investigación del discurso y proceso psicoterapéuticos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33898/rdp.v10i10.933Palabras clave:
discurso psicoterapéutico, psiquiatría clásicaResumen
La revisión empírica y metodológica de los estudios sobre el discurso psicoterapéutico indica que la selección de unidades de estudio pocas veces se lleva a cabo sobre bases establecidas. Para poner remedio a esta situación, se presentan y explican siete dimensiones descriptivas con las que definir explícitamente las unidades de puntuación. Además, se identifican cuatro dilemas críticos que los investigadores sobre el proceso tendrán que afrontar al proporcionar razones para su particular selección de unidades. Se recomiendan cambios curriculares y nuevas directrices para los informes de investigación como medio para facilitar una mayor sofisticación y mesurabilidad de la investigación sobre el proceso.La psiquiatría clásica ha destacado frecuentemente las características lingüísticas de la psicopatología, particularmente en relación a la esquizofrenia; sin embargo no las ha entendido como modalidades discursivas específicas, sino como patologías del pensamiento que se reflejaban en el lenguaje. El artículo examina las vicisitudes experimentadas desde mediados del siglo XIX por el tema del lenguaje de la esquizofrenia, que ha dado lugar a un discurso sobre la enfermedad mental, caracterizado por la confusión. Para salir de ella se proponen otras formas de acercamiento al fenómeno del lenguaje de la psicopatología, entendiéndolo como una modalidad discursiva específica y diferenciada, tal como se muestra por ejemplo en el caso de la esquizofrenia y de la obsesión.
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