Padres autoritarios e ira en deportistas y practicantes de actividad física [Authoritarian Parents and Anger Levels in Athletes and Physical Practitioners]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.16.2.24331Palabras clave:
autoritarios, padres, ira, deportistas, educación [Authoritarians, Parents, Annoyance, Athletes, Education].Resumen
Resumen
El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue conocer las diferencias en los niveles de ira en los deportistas y practicantes de actividad física que presentan padres y madres con altos y bajos niveles de autoritarismo. La muestra se compuso de 502 deportistas y practicantes de actividad física españoles, con una edad comprendida entre los 18 y los 64 años (M = 27.76, SD = 9.11). Se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico ad hoc, el Test Autoevaluativo Multifactorial de Adaptación Infantil (TAMAI), el Inventario de Expresión de Ira Estado-Rasgo (STAXI-II) y la Escala Oviedo de Infrecuencia de Respuesta (INF-OV). Los resultados mostraron mayores niveles de ira rasgo (p < .05), temperamento (p < .01), expresión interna de ira (p < .01) e índice de expresión de ira (p < .05) en aquellos deportistas y practicantes de actividad física con madre autoritaria alta. Por otro lado, los resultados mostraron mayores niveles de ira rasgo (p < .01), temperamento (p < .01), reacción de ira (p < .01), expresión externa de ira (p < .01), expresión interna de ira (p < .01) e índice de expresión de ira (p < .01), en los deportistas y practicantes de actividad física con padre autoritario alto. Se concluyó que los padres autoritarios y madres autoritarias influyen en los niveles de ira de los deportistas y practicantes de actividad física. Por otro lado, el padre con bajos niveles de autoritarismo mostró mayor relación con el control externo de ira por parte de los deportistas y practicantes de actividad física.
Abstract
The objective of this research was to know the differences in anger levels in athletes and physical activity practitioners with high and low levels of authoritarian fathers and mothers. The sample consisted of 502 Spanish athletes and physical practitioners with an age range between 18 and 64 years old (M = 27.76, SD = 9.11). To measure the different variables were used, an ad hoc sociodemographic questionnaire, the Multifactor Self-Assessment Test of Child Adjustment (TAMAI), the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-II) and the Oviedo Scale of Infrequency Response (INF-OV). The results showed greater anger levels (p < .05), temperament (p < .01), internal anger expression (p < .01), and anger expression index (p < .05) in the group of authoritarian mother athletes and physical practitioners. On the other hand, the results showed greater levels of trait anger (p < .01), temperament (p < .01), anger reaction (p < .01), external anger expression (p < .01) and anger expression index (p < .01), in athletes and physical practitioners with high authoritarian father group. Regression analysis showed that a greater external anger expression is more likely to have a greater authoritarian father (OR = 1.12, p < .01) and greater authoritarian mother (OR = 1.20, p < .01). It was concluded that authoritarian fathers and authoritarian mothers influence the athlete´s anger levels. On the other hand, fathers with low authoritarian levels showed greater anger external control on athletes and physical practitioners.
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