Resiliencia, significado en la vida y satisfacción vital: un análisis de los efectos moderadores

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.15.2.22256

Palabras clave:

Meaning in life, presence of meaning, search for meaning, resiliency, resiliency scale for young adults, satisfaction with life

Agencias Financiadoras:

Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada Joseph Armand Bombardier Doctoral Award

Resumen

While presence of meaning in life (i.e., presence) is associated with a plethora of desirable qualities (e.g., greater well-being, longevity, positive affect), search for meaning is associated with psychological distress (e.g., reports of conflict, rumination, depression; Boyle, Barnes, Buchman, & Bennett, 2009). Individuals with higher resiliency, defined as a multifaceted competency in adapting and recovering from adversity, could potentially mitigate the distress associated with search, and thus, achieve greater satisfaction with life (SWL). The present study examined the moderating role of meaning in life between resiliency (i.e., sense of mastery and sense of relatedness) and SWL in a sample of Canadian university students (N=289). Hierarchical regression analyses showed that there was a positive association between resiliency and SWL and this association was stronger at higher levels compared to lower levels of search for meaning. These results suggest that individuals searching for meaning with high levels of mastery have the greatest SWL, while their counterparts with low mastery have the lowest SWL. Similar moderating effects of search were found with the positive association between sense of relatedness and SWL. Overall, findings suggest that protective factors in resiliency may buffer against the potential negative impact of search.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Aiken, L. S. & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions. New York, NY: Sage.

Astin, A. W., Astin, H. S., Lindholm, J. A., Bryant, A. N., Szelényi, K., & Calderone, S. (2005). The Spiritual Life of College Students: A National Study of College Students’ Search for Meaning and Purpose. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Higher Education Research Institute.

Batthyany, A. & Russo-Netzer, P. (2014). Psychologies of Meaning. In Meaning in positive and existential psychology (pp. 3–22). New York, NY: Springer.

Baumesiter, R. F. (1991). Meanings of life. New York, NY: Guilford.

Bodner, E., Bergman, Y. S., & Cohen-Fridel, S. (2014). Do Attachment Styles Affect the Presence and Search for Meaning in Life? Journal of Happiness Studies, 15, 1041–1059. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-013-9462-7

Boyle, P. A., Barnes, L. L., Buchman, A. S., & Bennett, D. A. (2009). Purpose in Life is Associated with Mortality among Community-Dwelling Older Persons. Psychosomatic Medicine, 71, 574–579. https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181a5a7c0

Brassai, L., Piko, B. F., & Steger, M. F. (2011). Meaning in Life: Is it a Protective Factor for Adolescents’ Psychological Health? International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 18(1), 44–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-010-9089-6.

Damon, W. (2008). The Path to Purpose: Helping our Children find their Calling in Life. New York, NY: Free Press.

Debats , D. L., Van Der Lubbe , P. M. , & Wezeman , F. R. A. (1993). On the Psychometric Properties of the Life Regard Index (LRI): A Measure of Meaningful Life: An Evaluation in Three Independent Samples Based on the Dutch Version. Personality and Individual Differences, 14, 337–345. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(93)90132-M

Diener, E. D., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71–75. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13

Frankl, V. E. (1963). Man’s Search for Meaning: An Introduction to Logotherapy. New York, NY: Washington Square Press.

Frazier, P. A., Tix, A. P., & Barron, K. E. (2004). Testing Moderator and Mediator Effects in Counseling Psychology Research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51(1), 115–134. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.51.1.115

Hayes, A. F. (2016). PROCESS macro for SPSS and SAS (Version 2.16)[Computer software]. Retrieved from http://processmacro.org/index.html

Heisel, M. J., Flett, G. L., Duberstein, P. R., & Lyness, J. M. (2005). Does the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) Distinguish between Older Adults with High versus Low Levels of Suicidal Ideation? The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 13, 876–883. https://doi.org/ 10.1176/appi.ajgp.13.10.876

Hicks, J. A. & King, L. A. (2007). Meaning in Life and Seeing the Big Picture: Positive Affect and Global Focus. Cognition and Emotion, 21(7), 1577–1584. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930701347304

Higher Education Research Institute. (2004). The Spiritual Life of College Students: A National Study of College Students’ Search for Meaning and Purpose. Los Angeles, CA: University of California, Higher Education Research Institute.

Howe, N. & Strauss, W. (2000). Millennials Rising: The next Great Generation. New York, NY: Vintage Books.

Junior, V. Y. (1999). Self-esteem, Self-efficacy, and Purpose and Meaning in Life among Recovering Alcoholics in Alcoholics Anonymous. Dissertation Abstracts International (Doctoral dissertation), Wayne State University.

King, L. A., Hicks, J. A., Krull, J. L., & Del Gaiso, A. K. (2006). Positive Affect and the Experience of Meaning in Life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90(1), 179–196. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.90.1.179

Klinger, E. (1998). The Search for Meaning in Evolutionary Perspective and its Clinical Implications. In P. Wong, P. & P. Fry (Eds.)., The Human Quest for Meaning: A Handbook of Psychological Research and Clinical Applications (pp. 27–50). New Jersey, NJ: Laurence.

Kinnier, R. T., Metha, A. T., Keim, J. S., & Okey, J. L. (1994). Depression, Meaninglessness, and Substance Abuse in “normal” and Hospitalized Adolescents. Journal of Alcohol & Drug Education, 39(2), 101–111.

Lancaster, L. C. & Stillman, D. (2002). When Generations Collide: Who they are. Why they clash. How to Solve the Generational Puzzle at Work. New York, NY: Harper Business.

Lucas, R. E., Diener, E., & Suh, E. (1996). Discriminant Validity of Well-being Measures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(3), 616–628.

Masten, A. S. (2001). Ordinary Magic: Resilience Processes in Development. American Psychologist, 56, 227–3238.

Masten, A. S. (2007). Resilience in Developing Systems: Progress and Promise as the Fourth Wave Rises. Development and Psychopathology, 19, 921-930. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579407000442

Masten, A. S. (2014). Ordinary Magic: Resilience in Development. New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Melton, A. M. & Schulenberg, S. E. (2008). On the Measurement of Meaning: Logotherapy's Empirical Contributions to Humanistic Psychology. The Humanistic Psychologist, 36(1), 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08873260701828870

Newman, D. B., Nezlek, J. B., & Thrash, T. M. (2018). The Dynamics of Searching for Meaning and Presence of Meaning in Daily Life. Journal of Personality, 86(3), 368–379. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12321

Park, C. L. (2010). Making Sense of the Meaning Literature: An Integrative Review of Meaning Making and its Effects on Adjustment to Stressful Life Events. Psychological Bulletin, 136(2), 257–301. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018301

Park, N., Park, M., & Peterson, C. (2010). When is the Search for Meaning Related to Life Satisfaction? Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 2, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-0854.2009.01024.x

Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (1993). The Affective and Cognitive Context of Self-reported Measures of Subjective Well-being. Social Indicators Research, 28(1), 1–20.

Prince-Embury, S. (2006). Resiliency Scales for Adolescents: Profiles of Personal Strength. San Antonio, TX: Harcourt Assessment.

Prince-Embury, S. (2007). Resiliency Scales for Children and Adolescents: Profiles of Personal Strength. San Antonio, TX: Harcourt Assessment.

Prince-Embury, S. (2013). Resiliency Scales for Children and Adolescents: Theory, Research, and Clinical Application. In S. Prince-Embury & D. Saklofske (Eds.), Resilience in Children, Adolescent, and Adults: Translating Research for Practice (pp. 19–44). New York, NY: Springer.

Prince-Embury, S. (2014). A Three Factor Model of Personal Resilience and Related Assessment. In S. Prince-Embury & D. Saklofske (Eds.), Resilience Interventions for Youth in Diverse Populations (pp. 25–57). New York, NY: Springer.

Prince-Embury, S. & Saklofske, D. H. (2013). Translating Resilience Theory for Application: Introduction. In S. Prince-Embury & D. H. Saklofske (Eds.), Resilience in Children, Adolescents, and Adults: Translating Research into Practice (pp. 3–7). New York, NY: Springer.

Prince-Embury, S. & Saklofske, D. H. (2014). Building a Science of Resilience Intervention for Youth. In S. Prince-Embury & D. H. Saklofske (Eds.), Resilience Interventions for Youth in Diverse Populations (pp. 3–12). New York, NY: Springer.

Prince-Embury, S., Saklofske, D. H., & Nordstokke, D. W. (2017). The Resiliency Scale for Young Adults. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 35, 276–290. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282916641866

Prince-Embury, S., Saklofske, D., & Veseley, A. (2015). Resiliency measures. In G. Boyle, D. Saklofske, & G. Matthews (Ed.), Handbook of Personality and Social Psychological Constructs (pp. 290–321). London, England: Elsevier.

Samani, S., Jokar, B., & Sahragard, N. (2007). Effects of Resilience on Mental Health and Life Satisfaction. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 13(3), 290–295.

Shin, J. Y. & Steger, M. F. (2016). Supportive College Environment for Meaning Searching and Meaning in Life Among American College Students. Journal of College Student Development, 57(1), 18–31.

Steger, M. F. (2009). Meaning in life. In S. J. Lopez & C. R. Snyder (Eds.), Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.

Steger, F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). The Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Assessing the Presence of and Search for Meaning in Life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53, 80–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.80

Steger, M. F. & Kashdan, T. B. (2007). Stability and Specificity of Meaning in Life and Life Satisfaction over One Year. Journal of Happiness Studies, 8(2), 161–179. htpps://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-006-9011-8

Steger, M. F., Kashdan, T. B., & Oishi, S. (2008). Being Good by Doing Good: Daily Eudaimonic Activity and Well-being. Journal of Research in Personality, 42, 22–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2007.03.004

Steger, M. F., Kashdan, T. B., Sullivan, B. A., & Lorentz, D. (2008). Understanding the Search for Meaning in Life: Personality, Cognitive Style, and the Dynamic between Seeking and Experiencing Meaning. Journal of Personality, 76, 199–228. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007.00484.x

Steger, M. F., Kawabata, Y., Shimai, S., & Otake, K. (2008). The Meaningful Life in Japan and the United States: Levels and Correlates of Meaning in Life. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(3), 660–678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2007.09.003

Steger, M. F., Oishi, S., & Kashdan, T. B. (2009). Meaning in Life across the Life Span: Levels and Correlates of Meaning in Life from Emerging Adulthood to Older Adulthood. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4, 43–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760802303127

West, S. G., Aiken, L. S., & Krull, J. L. (1996). Experimental Personality Designs: Analyzing Categorical by Continuous Variable Interactions. Journal of Personality, 64(1), 1–48. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00813.x

Wilson, C. A., Plouffe, R. A., Saklofske, D. H., Di Fabio, A., Prince–Embury, S., & Babcock, S. E. (2017). Resiliency Across Cultures: A Validation of the Resiliency Scale for Young Adults. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 37(1), 14–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282917740017

Wong, P. T. P. (Ed.). (2012). The Human Quest for Meaning: Theories, Research, and Applications (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.

Descargas

Publicado

2018-05-24

Cómo citar

Lau, C. L., Feher, A., Wilson, C. A., Babcock, S. E., & Saklofske, D. H. (2018). Resiliencia, significado en la vida y satisfacción vital: un análisis de los efectos moderadores. Acción Psicológica, 15(2), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.15.2.22256

Número

Sección

Artículos del monográfico [Monograph´s articles]