La evaluación del cambio en la interacción social a través de la observación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.14.1.16224Palabras clave:
altas capacidades, metodología observacional, análisis secuencial de retardo, patrón comportamental, high abilities, social interaction, observational methodology, lag sequential analysis, behavioral patternResumen
Resumen
El estudio de la interacción social dentro del aula es una tarea importante que viene justificada por la influencia que las relaciones sociales tempranas tienen en el desarrollo social y personal de una persona. En este trabajo se presenta un estudio que versa sobre la implementación de una intervención específica para la mejora de la interacción social en un alumno perteneciente a un programa de enriquecimiento extraescolar. Con este objetivo se emplea un diseño de caso único AB. La medida del cambio se realiza a través de la observación, utilizando para ello el Protocolo de Observación de la Interacción Social en el Aula (OPINTEC, v. 4). Se observaron tres sesiones a lo largo de la implementación del programa para evaluar el progreso individual del participante durante la intervención. Para el análisis de los patrones comportamentales se utiliza el análisis secuencial de retardo mediante el programa SDIS-GSEQ (Bakeman y Quera, 1996). Los resultados indican una mejora del estudiante en la relación con sus iguales en aquellas interacciones cuya temática está centrada en el contenido académico.
Abstract
The study of social interaction within the classroom is an important task because of the the influence that early social relationships have in the social and personal development of a person. In this paper we present a study where a specific intervention is implemented to improve the social interaction of one participant in an outside school enrichment program. A single-case design AB is used with this propose. The measurement of the changes is done through observation, using the Observational Protocol for Social Interaction within the Classroom (OPINTEC, v. 4). Three sessions are observed during the program in order to analyze the individual progress of the participant during the intervention. Lag Sequential Analysis with the program SDIS-GSEQ (Bakeman & Quera, 1996) is used for the assessment of the behavioral patterns. Results indicate an improvement in the relations between the participant and his peers in those interactions related with academic topics.
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