La tipografía del cartel taurino en el siglo XIX
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/etfvii.13.2000.2365Abstract
En este artículo se aborda -por primera vez- el estudio de la tipografía en el cartel taurino del siglo xix. Resulta una nueva aportación puesto que, sobre este tema concreto, no existe ninguna bibliografía. Para llevarlo a cabo, se ha comenzado por intentar aclarar el panorama confuso de las clasificaciones tipográficas. Basándonos en la clasificación Vox -aceptada internacionalmente- se han diferenciado, uno por uno y de forma cronológica, el tipo de caracteres empleados en la cartelería taurina decimonónica. También se han investigado los modelos estéticos, los intercambios entre imprentas, la perduración de diferentes estilos en el tiempo, el concepto tan peculiar de «legibilidad» del cartel, la relación con el libro y otros impresos, el diseño de letras manuales... en fin, la estrategia de la comunicación, el atractivo de la representación y el inmovilismo, frente a la originalidad y la renovación.
This article addresses -for the first time the study of graphic tipology represented in the bullfight affiche of the 19th century. Since specific bibliography on the topic is inexistent, this is an innovative contríbution to the field. The initial intention is to clarify the, so far, confusing classification ofits graphic tipology. Following the internationally accepted Vox classification, the goal of the study has been to differenciate one by one, each typographic character in the tauromachy poster of the 19th century. In addittion, this is an overview ofthe aesthetic patterns, the exchanges among printers, the persistency of certain styles throughout time, the alway peculiar concept of «legibility» in a poster, the relationships between a poster and other books and printed material, the design of the handwritten letters... and ultimately, the communication strategy, the appeal of representation and the dynamics between inmovilist attitudes and original and innovative ones.
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