Intervención Psicoterapéutica Integrada y Transdiagnóstica en los Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33898/rdp.v29i110.248Palabras clave:
transdiagnóstico, trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, tratamiento, síntomas inespecíficos, migraciónResumen
Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) presentan características psicopatológicas específicas para su entidad y otras inespecíficas que también pueden encontrarse en otros síndromes o trastornos psiquiátricos. Esta característica ocurre también a través de todas sus categorías diagnósticas en la que la migración de una a otra es habitual. La intolerancia a la incertidumbre, la hipersensibilidad a la crítica, la emocionalidad negativa, el perfeccionismo, la rigidez cognitiva o la impulsividad influyen en la gravedad del cuadro y en su evolución posterior son algunos de esos síntomas o rasgos considerados transdiagnósticos.
Esto pudiera explicar en parte el hecho de que los tratamientos actuales empíricamente validados no obtienen una mejoría suficiente en una gran parte de los trastornos alimentarios. En los últimos años han surgido nuevas técnicas psicoterapéuticas adaptadas de la ya existentes o aplicadas a esta patología enfocadas al manejo no sólo de los síntomas que caracterizan a un TCA sino también enfocadas al tratamiento de esos síntomas concurrentes.
En este artículo mostramos una revisión de dichas propuestas terapéuticas acompañado de una reflexión sobre la aplicación práctica de un modelo integrado y transdiagnóstico en nuestro medio.
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