Analysis of the psychosocial profile of pre-service teachers

Inmaculada García-Martínez; José María Augusto-Landa; Eufrasio Pérez-Navío; Samuel P. León

doi:10.5944/educxx1.30236

Autores/as

Inmaculada García-Martínez University of Granada http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2620-5779
José María Augusto-Landa University of Jaén
Eufrasio Pérez-Navío University of Jaén http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8688-9602
Samuel P. León http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6980-2680

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5944/educxx1.30236

Palabras clave:

resiliencia, salud mental, personalidad, profesores en formación, modelos de ecuaciones estructurales

Resumen

Los estudiantes universitarios se enfrentan a muchos retos que afectan a su salud mental durante este periodo. Los aspectos psicosociales, como la resiliencia, ayudan a corregir el desequilibrio que suelen experimentar en su vida diaria. El objetivo es conocer la relación entre la resiliencia de los estudiantes y su salud mental, analizando al mismo tiempo el papel mediador que juegan los factores de personalidad entre estas variables. Para llevar a cabo este estudio, una muestra de 692 universitarios pertenecientes a diferentes Grados de Educación respondieron voluntariamente a tres cuestionarios, uno para medir la resiliencia (RS-14), otro para medir los factores de personalidad (Big Five), y otro para medir la salud mental (MH-5). Para realizar este análisis se propuso un modelo mediacional basado en Ecuaciones Estructurales. Los resultados indican que la resiliencia es capaz de predecir significativamente la salud mental de los estudiantes de forma directa y que también predice todos los componentes de personalidad evaluados en los estudiantes. Asimismo, se encontró que, de todos los factores de personalidad examinados, sólo el neuroticismo demostró predecir la salud mental. Asimismo, la resiliencia se posiciona como un factor mediador entre la salud mental y los factores de personalidad. Concretamente, surgió ser un mediador significativo en la relación de amabilidad, neurotismo y apertura y salud mental. Además, el resto de los factores de personalidad se relacionan directamente con la resiliencia. Asimismo, los resultados confirman la necesidad de formar a los profesores en prácticas en aspectos psicosociales para prevenir futuros problemas en su posterior desempeño profesional.

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