Effects of Protective and Assistance Orders to Victims Of Intimate Partner Violence on Psychological Well-Being
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.20.2.39358Keywords:
Therapeutic Jurisprudence, Legal complaint, Victimization, Judicial decision making, Judicial sentenceAbstract
Background/Aim: As a tool in order to avoid re-victimization in cases of gender-based violence, the courts have been legally provided with the adoption of protective and assistance orders for victims. Nevertheless, studies about its effectiveness are inconclusive, finding non-significant or small effects. Even so, effects on psychological harm (victimization) have not been equally studied. A field study was designed to find out the effects of these judicial measures, as well as of the judicial complaint itself, about the psychological well-being of the victims. Method: 136 women residing in Ecuador whose had completed a judicial process for gender violence and who responded to a list on the application of 17 protection and assistance orders included in the Ecuadorian legal system participated in the study. In addition, they were administered the SCL 90-R to ascertain their psychological well-being in two temporary conditions: pre- and post-court proceedings. Results: The results showed that only 6 of the 9 protection measures were implemented productively, while welfare measures were implemented only trivially (insignificantly). Regarding the effects on well-being, the results revealed a significant effect for the judicial process (denunciation), but not for the implementation of protection and assistance orders, nor for the interaction between the judicial process and the implementation of protection and assistance orders. The effects of the judicial process factor were positive (improvement), significant and of a large magnitude (d ≥ 0.80) in somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, generalized anxiety, phobic anxiety and paranoid ideation; and with a moderate to large effect size (0.50 ≤ d < 0.80) in the hostility and psychoticism dimensions. Conclusions: The implications of the lack of effect of the implementation of protective and welfare measures on psychological well-being are discussed, as well as the positive effects of the judicial process (reporting, confrontation with the abuser) on the well-being of complainant-victims.
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