La toma de decisiones en baloncesto. Una propuesta de árboles decisionales para la enseñanza del bloqueo directo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.14.1.19259Palabras clave:
comportamiento, táctica, interacciones, incertidumbre, behaviour, tactics, interactions, uncertaintyResumen
Resumen
El presente artículo tiene por objetivo clarificar conceptos relacionados con la toma de decisiones en el deporte y proponer su aplicación para la enseñanza-aprendizaje del bloqueo directo (BD) en baloncesto. Se realiza un repaso histórico hasta llegar a las teorías modernas de mayor vigencia en el ámbito deportivo. De la misma forma, se analiza el estado del arte actual de la enseñanza y aprendizaje de la toma de decisiones, mostrando las distintas ventajas e inconvenientes del uso de las estrategias de enseñanza intencional e incidental. Posteriormente, a partir de los conceptos revisados (reglas si-entonces y las distintas estrategias de enseñanza incidental e intencional), se establece una propuesta de entrenamiento del BD en baloncesto. A través de distintos árboles decisionales y de propuestas de tareas específicas se ha intentado resolver el problema de cómo potenciar la toma de decisiones de los jugadores durante el BD atendiendo a la lógica interna y a los principios del juego, pero intentando, a la vez, que los jugadores desarrollen una toma de decisiones propia, única e individual.
Abstract
The present paper aimed to clarify concepts related to decision-making in sport and to apply them to the teaching-learning process of the pick and roll in basketball. An historical analysis was developed and it was examined the state of the art of the decision-making teaching and learning, showing advantages and disadvantages of incidental and intentional teaching strategies. Later, concepts reviewed (if-then rules and incidental and intentional teaching strategies) were applied to a proposal for teaching pick and roll. Through different decisional trees and specific training tasks this proposal tries to potentiate the players’ decision according to the logical of the game, and at the same time, to promote a unique and individual decision-making.
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