A Review of Rating Scales for Measuring Behavior Change Due To Brain Injury and Treatment for These Changes

Abstract

Introduction: People who have suffered a brain injury often experience a wide range of cognitive, emotional and behavioural disorders. Neuropsychological rehabilitation used to focus on the cognitive aspects, giving little or no attention to the other changes. In this context the behavioural changes are a big handicap for their rehabilitation and adaptation to society. Aim: To review the findings obtained in studies on scales assessing behavioural changes in acquired brain injury (ABI) and to apply specific treatments. Method: The review included original articles and treatments, which used questionnaires to assess and improve the behavioural changes in adults who had suffered an ABI.  CINAHL and MEDLINE databases between the years 1990-2014 were consulted. Instruments used in adults with DCA were selected. Psychiatric scales applied to people without brain damage were excluded. Results: The search yielded a large number of references and several instruments were identified. Most quantified behavioural changes, but also many emotional, psychiatric or quality of life issues are addressed. Most self-administered scales assess both the patient and the family or caregiver. Conclusions: Despite the limited range of scales involved in the assessment of behaviour, suitable tools were found in clinical practice for the diagnosis of behavioral changes. Regarding treatment, the literature describes studies of single and group cases, however, no single treatment for patients with DCA is identified.