Andragogía digital: necesidad de saber y papel de la experiencia en un Máster universitario en línea
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/ried.27.2.38799Palabras clave:
teoría del aprendizaje adulto, enseñanza en línea, educación superior, andragogía, perfil estudiantil, estrategias de aprendizajeResumen
La alta demanda actual de formación en línea, las elevadas tasas de abandono y la heterogeneidad del alumnado que cursa másteres en esta modalidad, reclama poner atención en los distintos perfiles y sus diferentes formas de aprender. La andragogía provee un marco teórico para comprender el aprendizaje de las personas adultas, aunque es necesario revisitar sus principios desde la formación en línea y a través de la lente de los propios estudiantes actuales. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la autoidentificación de los estudiantes con los principios del aprendizaje adulto de la andragogía de Knowles. En concreto, se centra en dos de los principios de esta teoría: la necesidad de saber (NS) y el papel de la experiencia (PE). Se empleó un método mixto: un análisis cuantitativo descriptivo e inferencial de un cuestionario se complementa con un análisis cualitativo de entrevistas. Se diseñó y validó un cuestionario que cumplimentaron 245 estudiantes, y se analizó la correcta fiabilidad del instrumento. Adicionalmente, se llevaron a cabo 5 entrevistas al alumnado sobre ítems del cuestionario. Los resultados muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el PE en función de la experiencia laboral previa en educación, pero no se encuentran diferencias en las preferencias por las estrategias de aprendizaje analizadas relacionadas con los principios NS y PE de la andragogía en función del género ni la edad ni situación laboral. Como conclusión, se defiende la vigencia y validez, de los principios andragógicos NS y PE para el alumnado en línea del siglo XXI.
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