Grief Treatment in Mental Health: A group experience
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33898/rdp.v25i99.22Keywords:
Grief, group therapy, tasks of mourning, satisfaction, emotional supportAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Due to different social changes, Primary Health Care (PHC) and Mental Health (MH) services have became spaces in which the patient seeks the attention and the relief to the pain of mourning that cannot find in his familiar and social network.MATERIAL AND METHOD: It took place a support group of mourning carried out in 12 sessions and based on the Worden postulates (2010). The participants were 5 women referred from PHC and MH services that formed an heterogeneous group regarding the severity, the kind and the chronology of the loss.
The participants have been evaluated before and after treatment with the following psychometric scales: Diagnostic Interview of Complicated Grief by Prigerson and Jacobs (2001), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) by Zigmond and Snaith (1983), the Medical Outcomes Stydy (MOS) by Hays and Stewart (1996) and a satisfaction survey and evaluation of the results.
RESULTS: There were no significant results in the psychometric scales but high scores in satisfaction and evaluation of the therapy. It is concluded that the patients perceive a relief in their suffering that seems to be related to emotional relief rather than with a change to face the mourning. Patients and interventions carried out have been described, as well as limitations observed.
Downloads
References
Aronson, E. (2000). El animal social. Madrid: Alianza.
Díaz, J. (2011). Estudio de variables asociadas a la psicoterapia grupal en los procesos de duelo patológico. Revista de la Asociación Española Neuropsiquiatría, 31 (109), 93-107. Recuperado de http://www.revistaaen.es/index.php/aen/article/view/16120
Forte, A.L., Hill, M., Pazder, R. & Feudtner, C. (2004) Bereavement care interventions: a systematic review. BMC Palliative Care, 3(3). Recuperado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15274744#
García-García, J.A., Landa, V., Grandes, G., Mauriz, A. & Andollo, I. (2001). Cuidados Primarios de Duelo (CPD). El nivel primario de atención al doliente. Sestao: Grupo de Estudios de Duelo de Vizcaya.
Hays, R.D., Martin, S.A., Sesti, A.M. & Spritzer, K.L. (2005). Psychometric properties of the medical outcomes study sleep measure. Sleep Medicine, 6, 41-44. Recuperado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15680294
Hays, R.D. & Stewart, A.L. (1996). Sleep Measures. En Stewart, A.L., Ware, J.E. (Eds.), Measuring functioning and well-being. The Medical Outcomes Study approach (pp. 235-259). Durham y Londres: Duke University Press.
Holahan, C. J. (2010). Depression and vulnerability to incident physical illness across 10 years. Journal of Affective Disorders, 123, 222–229. Recuperado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19880190
Horowitz, M. J., Siegel, B, Holen, A., Bonanno, G. A., Milbrath, C., & Stinson, C.H. (1997). Diagnostic criteria for complicated grief disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154, 904-910. Recuperado de http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/article.aspx?articleid=172396
Kato, P.M. & Mann, T. (1999). A synthesis of psychological interventions for the bereaved. Clinical Psychology Review, 19 (3), 275-296. Recuperado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10097872
Limonero, J. T., Lacasta, M., García, J.A., Maté, J. & Prigerson, H.G. (2009). Adaptación al castellano del inventario de duelo complicado. Medicina paliativa, 16 (5), 291-297. Recuperado de http://www.secpal.com/medicina_paliativa/index.php?acc=verart&idart=521
Mackinnon, R.A., Michels, R. & Buckley, P.J. (2008). La entrevista psiquiátrica en la práctica clínica. Barcelona: Ars Medica.
Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo. (2011). Estrategia en Salud mental del Sistema nacional de salud 2009-2013. Madrid: Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo.
Neimeyer, R. (2007). Aprender de la pérdida: una guía para afrontar el duelo. Barcelona: Paidós.
Pérez, P., Hernangómez, L. & Santiago, C. (2000). Terapia de grupo en duelo complicado: un enfoque desde los factores de cambio positivo. Psiquiatría Pública,12 (3), 273-284. Recuperado de http://www.aen.es/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_details&gid=406&Itemid=52
Perls, F. (1976). El Enfoque Gestáltico. Santiago de Chile: Cuatro Vientos.
Prigerson, H.G. & Jacobs, S.C. (2001). Traumatic Grief as a distinct disorder: a rationale, consensus criteria, and empirical test. En M.S. Stroebe, R.O. Hansson, W. Stroebey H. Schut (Eds.), Handbook of Bereavement Research: Consequences, coping, and care (pp. 613-48). Washington DC: American Psychological Association.
Rodríguez, C. (2001). La muerte representada e integración en el duelo. Cultura de los cuidados, 9, 45-48. Recuperado de http://culturacuidados.ua.es/enfermeria/article/view/109/0
Schut, H. & Stroebe, M.S. (2006). Interventions to enhance adaptation to bereavement: A review of efficacy studies. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 8 (1), 140-147. Recuperado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1649946
Servicio Andaluz de Salud (2011). Guía para profesionales de la salud ante situaciones de duelo. Andalucía: Área de Evaluación y Calidad. Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Recuperado de http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/servicioandaluzdesalud/publicaciones/listadodeterminado.asp?idp=479
Terol, M.C., López-Roig, S., Rodríguez-Marín, J., Martí-Aragón, M., Pastor, M. A. & Reig, M.T. (2007). Propiedades psicométricas de la escala hospitalaria de ansiedad y depresión (HAD) en población española. Ansiedad y Estrés, 13 (2-3), 163-176.
Tizón, J.L. (2005) Atender los duelos o medicalizar la vida, un dilema profesional de nuestros días. SEMERGEN, 31(1), 13-18. Recuperado de http://zl.elsevier.es/es/revista/semergen---medicina-familia-40/mesa-redonda-3-acontecimientos-vitales-medicalizando-vida-13079458-xxvii-congreso-nacional-semergen-2005
Vinogradov, S. & Yalom, I. (1996). Guía breve de psicoterapia de grupo. Barcelona: Paidós.
Von Fortner, B. (1999). The effectiveness of grief counseling and therapy: a quantitative review. Tesis doctoral no publicada, Memphis University, USA.
Wittouck, C., Van Autreve, S., De Jaegere, E., Portzky, G. & van Heeringen, K. (2011). The prevention and treatment of complicated grief: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review,31, 69-78. Recuperado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21130937
Worden, J.W. (2010). El Tratamiento del duelo: asesoramiento psicológico y terapia. Barcelona: Paidós.
Zigmond, A. & Snaith, R. (1983). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67, 361-370. Recuperado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/68808
