Análisis de los factores psicológicos moduladores del dolor crónico benigno
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33898/rdp.v17i65.899Palabras clave:
dolor crónico, modelo de Lazarus, evaluación cognitiva, estrategias de afrontamiento, tratamiento interdisciplinarResumen
Cada día son más abundantes los estudios que muestran que los factores psicológicos juegan un papel clave en el proceso del dolor. Desde el campo del dolor se ha importado el modelo de estrés de Lazarus para el estudio de estos factores psicológicos. Esta teoría sugiere que el estrés que sufre un sujeto ante un evento potencialmente amenazante se debe a cómo lo evalúa y a cómo lo afronta. Traduciendo este modelo a la experiencia del dolor: el estímulo doloroso provocará más o menos discapacidad según cómo sea evaluado y afrontado. En el presente trabajo, realizamos una revisión de los trabajos más actuales en el campo del dolor articulándolos dentro del modelo de Lazarus. En una segunda parte del artículo, describimos las técnicas interdisciplinares que se emplean en el tratamiento del dolor crónico. Por último, animamos a que el modelo de Lazarus se emplee como guía para el diseño de futuras terapias.
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