Movimientos sociales, enteógenos y brechas ontológicas. La oposición al proyecto minero de Conga (Perú)

Abstract

The opposition driven by social movements rooted in native or peasant communities against mining projects, such as the Conga’s ones (Peru), shows a special difficulty for the analysis due to the importance of ceremonies in which entheogens are used to contact with spirits and to enable the production of information, diagnoses and plans. This kind of social movements require a cultural analysis that underlines the cultural gaps between the collective actors that also affects the ideological frameworks and the theoretical models that are used by the activists and the researchers. At the end, the article concludes that the four-ontology map proposed by Descola, which establishes four relationships between the human and the non-human, is very useful in order to analyze conflicts in terms of ontological gaps.