Victimización de violencia sexual: prevalencia en adolescentes y disposición a perdonar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.20.2.39436Palabras clave:
efectos adversos, acoso sexual, agresión sexual, abuso sexual, auto-perdón, perdón a otrosResumen
Antecedentes/objetivos: La victimización de violencia sexual es un problema de salud pública y social con efectos adversos in la salud mental. Se diseñó una encuesta a adoles-centes españoles con el objetivo de conocer la prevalencia de victimización de violencia sexual y la relación con el perdón por sus efectos terapéuticos en la salud mental. Método: 652 adolescentes españoles, 51.5% chicas (n = 336) y 48.5% chicos (n = 316), con eda-des comprendidas entre los 13 y los 17 años (M = 15.38, DT = 1.01), respondieron a medidas de victimización de violencia sexual y del perdón. Resultados: Los resultados revelaron que 2 de cada 5 adolescentes (37.6%, IC del 95% [.339, 413]) sufrieron violencia sexual, con una probabilidad significativamente mayor en las chicas (43.2% vs. 31.6%). Además, los adolescentes víctimas de violencia sexual informaron de una disposición significativamente menor al perdón que las no víctimas, cuantificada en un 20.1% menos de disposición al auto-perdón, un 17.2% menos al perdón a otros y un 22.4% a situaciones fuera de su control. También se encontró que los diferentes tipos de victimización comparten mucha varianza, es decir, se dan conjuntamente. Conclusiones: Se discuten las implicaciones de los resultados para la prevención y reducción de agresiones se-xuales y de la falta de disposición al perdón por parte de las víctimas en el tratamiento de los resultados adversos en la salud mental.
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