Social cognition, personality dimensions and clinical symptoms as variable predictors in people with polydrug abuse in treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/rppc.25203Keywords:
consumption, empathy, social cognition, personality traitAbstract
Abstract. The consumption of substances has been related to difficulties in terms of social cognition and personality. Our objective was to estimate the relationship between social cognition, personality variables and clinical symptoms as variable predictors of addictive behavior. The study included a total of 54 participants from different drug associations in Spain. Statistically significant differences in reaction time in emotional recognition were observed in happiness, disgust, sadness and anger. Significant differences were obtained, with the clinical group scoring lower for the empathy variable. In addition, differences were obtained in clinical variables, such as depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety, intensity of symptoms and psychic discomfort. A logistic regression model with previously significant variables accounted for 67% of variance. The predictive variables of the addictive behavior correspond to the reaction time to static emotion stimuli and the ability to put oneself in the place of another.
Keywords: Consumption; empathy; social cognition; personality trait.
Cognición social, dimensiones de personalidad y síntomas clínicos como variables predictoras en un colectivo de policonsumo en tratamiento.
Resumen: El consumo de sustancias se ha relacionado con dificultad en la cognición social y rasgos de personalidad. Nuestro objetivo fue estimar la relación entre la cognición social, las variables de personalidad y cómo los síntomas clínicos pueden predecir el comportamiento adictivo. El estudio incluyó un total de 54 participantes miembros de diferentes asociaciones en España. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el tiempo de reacción en el reconocimiento emocional en alegría, asco, tristeza e enfado. Se obtuvieron diferencias significativas en el grupo clínico para la variable empatía. Además, se obtuvieron diferencias en variables clínicas, como depresión, ansiedad, ansiedad fóbica, intensidad de síntomas y malestar psíquico. En el modelo de regresión logística se observan diferencias significativas representando el 67% de la varianza. Conclusiones: las variables predictivas de la conducta adictiva corresponden al tiempo de reacción y la capacidad de ponerse en el lugar de otro.
Palabras clave: Policonsumo; empatía; rasgos de personalidad; síntomas clínicos.
Downloads
References
Aluja, A., Balada, F., Blanco, E., Fibla, J., & Blanch, A. (2018). Twenty candidate genes predicting neuroticism and sensation seeking personality traits: A multivariate analysis association approach. Personality and Individual Differences, 2, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.03.041.
Bar-On, R.,Tranel, D., Denburg, N., & Bechara, A. (2003). Exploring the neurological substrate of emotional and social intelligence. Brain, 126, 1790-1800. https://doi: 10.1093/brain/awg177.
Bayrakci, A., Sert, E., Zorlu, N., Erol, A., Sariçiçek, A., & Mete, L. (2015). Facial emotion recognition deficit in abstinent cannabis dependent patients. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 58, 160-164.
Cacioppo, J. T., Berntson, G. G., Sheridan, J. F. & McClintock, M.K. (2000). Multilevel integrative analyses of human behavior: social neuroscience and the complementing nature of social and biological approaches. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 829-843.
Cándido, I., Delgado, B., Bautista, R., Torregrosa, M., Espada, J., García, J., Hidalgo, M., & García, I. (2007). Consumo de alcohol y tabaco, variables de personalidad y patrones de interacción social en la adolescencia. [Consumption of alcohol and tobacco, personality variables and patterns of social interaction in adolescence]. International Journal and Health Psychology, 8(1), 153-169.
Chóliz, M. (2005). Psicología de la emoción: el proceso emocional. [Psychology of emotion: the emotional process].Universidad de Valencia: Valencia.
Dvorak, R. D., Sargent, E. M., Kilwein, T. M., Stevenson, B. L., Kuvaas, N. J., & Williams, T. J. (2014). Alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences: Associations with emotion regulation difficulties. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 40, 125-130.
Ersche, K., Turton, A., Pradhan, S., Bullmore, E., & Robbins, T. (2010). Drug addiction endophenotypes: impulsive versus sensation- seeking personality traits. Biological Psychiatry, 68, 770-773. https://doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.06.015.
Fernández-Serrano, M., Lozano, O., Pérez- García, M., & Verdejo, V. (2010). Impact of severity of drug use on discrete emotions recognition in polysubstance abusers. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 109(2), 57- 64. https://doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.12.007.
Gil-Sanz, D., Fernández-Modamio, M., Bengochea-Seco, R., Arrieta-Rodríguez, M., González-Fraile, E., Pérez-Fuentes, G., ... y Santos-Zorrozúa, B. (2017). PERE: Una nueva herramienta para valorar el reconocimiento de las emociones básicas y su aplicación en la esquizofrenia. Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica, 22(2), 85-93.
González de Rivera, J. L., De las Cuevas, C., Rodríguez, M. y Rodríguez, F. (2002). Cuestionario de 90 síntomas SCL-90-R de Derogatis, L. Adaptación española. [Questionnaire of 90 symptoms SCL-90-R of Derogatis, L. Spanish adaptation]. Madrid: TEA.
González-Panzano, M., Borao, L., Herrera-Mercadal, P., Campos, D., López-del-Hoyo, Y., Morillo, H., & García-Campayo, J. (2019). Habilidades de mindfulness y cognición social en la predicción de la sintomatología afectiva en la esquizofrenia, el trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo y participantes no clínicos. Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica, 24(1), 9-17.
Green, M. F., Horan, W. P., & Lee, J. (2015). Social cognition in schizophrenia. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 16(10), 620- 631.
Gruber, S., Rogowska, J., & Yurgelun,-Todd, D. (2009). Altered affective response in marijuana smokers: an FMRI study. Drug Alchohol Depend, 1(2), 130-153. https:// 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.06.019.
Herman, A., Critchley, H., & Duka, T. (2018). The role emotion and physiological arousal in modulating impulsive beheaviour. Biological Psychology, 1(133), 30-43.
Hoshi, R., Bisla, J., & Curran, H. (2013). The acute and subacute effects of ecstasy MDMA on processing of facial expressions: preliminary findings. Drug Alcohol Dependence, 76, 297- 304.
Hulka, L., Eisenegger, C., Preller, K., Vonmoos, M., Jenni, D., & Bendrick, K. (2014). Altered social and nonsocial decision-making in recreational and dependent cocaine users. Psychological Medicine, 44(5), 1015-1028. https:// doi: 10.1017/S0033291713001839.
Kerridge, B. T., Saha, T. D., Chou, S. P., Zhang, H., Jung, J., Ruan, W. J., Smith, S., Huang, B., & Hasin, D. S. (2015). Gender and nonmedical prescription opioid use and DSM-5 nonmedical prescription opioid use disorder: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions–III. Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 156, 47-56.
Kessler, H., Bayerl, P., Deighton, R.M., & Traue, H.C. (2002). Facially Expressed Emotion Labeling (FEEL): PC-gestützer Test zur Emotionserkennung. Verhaltenstherapie und Verhaltensmedizin, 23(3), 297-306.
Kornor, H., & Nordvik, H. (2007). Five-factor model personality traits in opioid dependence. BMC Psychiatry, 7, 37-40. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-7-37.
Kotov, R., Gamez, W., Schmidt, F., & Watson, D. (2010). Linking “big” personality traits to anxiety, depressive, and substance use disorders: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 136(5), 768-821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0020327.
Kuypers, K., Steenbergen, L., Theunissen S., Toennes, J., & Ramaekrs, J. (2015). Emotion Recognition during cocaine intoxication. European Neuropsycholopharmacology. 11(25), 1914-1921. https://doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.08.012.
López- Pérez, B., & Ferández-Pinto, I. (2008). Test de empatía cognitiva y afectiva. [Cognitive and affective empathy test]. Madrid: Tea Ediciones.
Mazza, M., Costagliola, C., Di Michele, V., Magliani, V., Pollice, R., Ricci, A.,Di Giovanbattista, E., Roncone, R., Casacchia, M., & Galzio, R. (2007). Deficit of social cognition in subjects with surgically treated frontal lobe lesions and in subjects affected by schizophrenia. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 257(1), 12-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00406-006-0676-0.
Moussa, M., McKinney, C., & Asberg, K. (2018). Substance use predicted by parental maltreatment, gender, and five- factor personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 1(128), 39-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.02.030.
Ochsner, K. (2008). The social-emotional processing stream: Five core constructs and their translational potential for schizophrenia and beyond. Biological Psychiatry, 64(1), 48-61.
Oficina de las Naciones Unidad contra la droga y el delito. (2016). Informe mundial sobre las drogas. [World report on drugs]. UNODC Research. Recuperado de Retrieved from https://www.unodc.org/doc/wdr2016/WDR_2016_ExSum_spanish.pdf
Papachristou, H., Nederkoorn, C., & Jansen, A. (2016). Neuroticism and negative urgency in problematic alcohol use: A pilot study. Substance Use & Misuse, 51(11), 1529–1533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2016.1178294.
Pérez Albéniz, A., De Paul, J., Etxeberria, J., Montes, M.P., & Torres, E. (2003). Adaptación de Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) al español. [Adaptation of Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) to Spanish]. Psicothema, 15(2), 267-272.
Pérez, J., & Torrubia, R. (1986). Fiabilidad y validez de la versión española de la Escala de Búsqueda de Sensaciones (Forma V). [Reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the Sensations Search Scale (V Form)]. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 18(1), 7-22.
Pinkham, A. E. (2014). Social cognition in schizophrenia. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 75(2), 14–19.
Sanz, J., & Carcía-Vera, M. (2009). Nuevos Baremos para la Adaptación Española del Inventario de Personalidad NEO Revisado (NEO PI-R): Fiabilidad y Datos Normativos en Voluntarios de la Población General. [New Scales for the Spanish Adaptation of the NEO Revised Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R): Reliability and Normative Data in General Population Volunteers]. Clínica y Salud, 20(2), 131-144.
Peterson, K., Malouff, J., & Thorsteinsson, E. B. (2011). A meta-analytic investigation of emotional intelligence and alcohol involvement. Substance Use & Misuse, 46, 1726–1733.
Preller, K., Herdener, M., Schilbach, L., Stämpfli, P., Hulka, L., Vonmoos, M., Ingold, N., Vogeley, K., Tobler, P., Seifritz, E., & Quednow, B. (2014). Functional changes of the reward system underlie blunted response to social gaze in cocaine users. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America, 111(7), 2842-2847.
Rameson, L., & Lieberman, M. (2009). Empathy: a social cognitive neuroscience approach. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 3(1), 94-10.
Sanz, J., & Carcía-Vera, M. (2009). Nuevos Baremos para la Adaptación Española del Inventario de Personalidad NEO Revisado (NEO PI-R): Fiabilidad y Datos Normativos en Voluntarios de la Población General. [New Scales for the Spanish Adaptation of the NEO Revised Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R): Reliability and Normative Data in General Population Volunteers]. Clínica y Salud, 20(2), 131-144.
Spronk, D., Ramaekers, J., & Verkes, R. (2013). Characterizing the cognitive effects of cocaine: a comprehensive review. Neeuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 37(8), 1838-1859.
Thoma, P., Winter, N., Juckel, G., & Roser, P. (2013). Mental state decoding and mental state reasoning in recently detoxified alcohol-dependent individuals. Psychiatry Research, 205, 232–240.
Tirapu, J. (2012). Social cognition and addiction. Trastornos Adictivos, 1(14), 3-9.
Weiss, N., Forkus, S., Contractor, A., & Schick, M. (2018). Difficulties regulation positive emotions and alcohol and drug misuse: a path analysis. Addictive Behaviors, 84(3), 45-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.03.027.
Zilberman, N., Yadid, G., Efrati, Y., Neumark, Y., & Rassovsky, Y. (2017). Personality profiles of substance and behavioral addictions. Addictive Behaviors, 1(18), 1-35.