A Study of the Nutritional Diagnosis on Apple Crops Using Multispectral Indices in a Semi-Arid Environment (Chihuahua, Mexico) = Análisis del estado nutricional en manzanos en un ambiente semiárido mediante el empleo de índices multiespectrales (Chihuahua, Mexico)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/etfvi.12.2019.19742Palabras clave:
Nutritional deficiencies, nitrogen, remote sensing, NDVI, apple = Deficiencias nutricionales, nitrógeno, teledetección, manzano.Agencias Financiadoras:
J. Amado, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, P. Pérez-Cutillas, University of Murcia, L. Alatorre, J.J. Alarcón, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del SeguraResumen
Abstract
The effect of anomalies of foliar mineral nutrients on the nutritional behavior of apple crops has been evaluated using parameters obtained by means of remote sensing techniques. Twenty-five plots in commercial orchards were selected in the five most important municipalities of Chihuahua State, Mexico in which the main nutritional parameters were measured (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and B). Important deficiencies of these nutrients were detected in 88% of the analyzed crops. These deficiencies showed significant correlation with the spectral data (SPOT5) and with the NDVI elaborated from these data. The mathematical models obtained showed high determination coefficients for most of the mineral elements; concretely, nitrogen and calcium presented the best results (0.80 and 0.76, respectively).
Resumen
Se ha evaluado el efecto en las anomalías de los nutrientes minerals foliares en el comportamiento nutricional de los cultivos de manzanos utilizando parámetros obtenidos mediante técnicas de teledetección. Se seleccionaron veinticinco parcelas en fincas comerciales de los cinco municipios más importantes del estado de Chihuahua (México), en los que se midieron en campo los principales parámetros nutricionales (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu y B). Se detectaron importantes deficiencias de estos nutrientes en el 88% de los cultivos analizados. Estas deficiencias mostraron una correlación significativa con los datos espectrales (SPOT5) y con el NDVI elaborado a partir de estos datos. Los modelos matemáticos obtenidos proporcionaron altos coeficientes de determinación para la mayoría de los elementos minerales; concretamente, el nitrógeno y el calcio presentaron los mejores resultados (0.80 y 0.76, respectivamente).
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