Bienestar psicológico, personalidad y actividad física. Un estilo de vida para la vida adulta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.14.1.19262Palabras clave:
actividad física, personalidad, bienestar, perseverancia, physical activity, personality, well-being, perseveranceAgencias Financiadoras:
This research was partly supported by the financial assistance provided to the “Psicología de la Salud/Medicina Conductual” Research Group (CTS-0267) by the Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa, Junta de Andalucía (Spain). We are grateful to all thResumen
Resumen
La práctica de la actividad física es cada vez más importante para las personas tanto como actividad recreativa, como actividad de salud. Aunque es difícil encontrar comportamientos humanos que no tienen ninguna influencia en la salud y el bienestar, es posible señalar conductas entre los factores de riesgo más importantes de los principales problemas de salud como el consumo de alcohol, la obesidad y el tabaco. Programas de ejercicio físico saludable regular o actividades autónomas regulares y frecuentes, mejoran la salud mental, la autonomía, la memoria, la velocidad, la imagen corporal y la sensación de bienestar, produciendo una estabilidad personal caracterizada por el optimismo, la claridad emocional y la flexibilidad mental, llevando a una vida más larga y con mejor salud. Este modelo de bienestar psicológico basado en el desarrollo del potencial humano y el ejercicio físico, indica que algunos aspectos del bienestar psicológico son percibidos como más importantes que otros (por ejemplo, la autoaceptación, el crecimiento personal o el propósito de la vida) cuando se estudian en relación con la autonomía o estrategias de afrontamiento. Este estudio recoge las percepciones del bienestar subjetivo de los adultos (N = 482) de entre 24 y 46 años utilizando la escala de bienestar psicológico de Ryff, los indicadores de autoeficacia y el cuestionario de persistencia, todos ellos correspondientes a la población española. El análisis de los datos sugiere una correspondencia positiva entre los índices de bienestar psicológico percibidos, con la forma personal de orientar y percibir su actividad física. Vemos la importancia de la transmisión pedagógica de la actividad física como un modelo de bienestar psicológico y favorecedor de comportamientos saludables en la edad adulta
Abstract
Practice of physical activity is increasingly important for people both as a recreational activity as a health activity. Although it is difficult to find human behaviors that do not have any influence on the health and well-being, it´s possible to show conduct that are among the most important risk factors of major health problems today such as consumption alcohol, obesity and snuff. Regular healthy physical exercise following programmes or frequent and regular autonomous activities improves mental health, autonomy, memory, speed, body image and the feeling of wellbeing, while producing personal stability characterised by optimism, emotional clarity and mental flexibility, leading to a longer life and better health. This model of psychological wellbeing based on the development of human potential and physical exercise, indicates that some aspects of psychological wellbeing are perceived as being more important than others (e.g., self-acceptance, personal growth or life purpose) when studied in relation to autonomy or coping strategies. This study picks perceptions of subjective well-being of adults (N = 482) aged between 24 and 46 years using Scale psychological welfare Ryff's, self-efficacy indicators and persistence questionnaire, all corresponding to the Spanish poblation. The data analysis suggests a positive correspondence between the indices of psychological well-being perceived with the way personal of to oriente and perceive their physical activity. We see the importance of pedagogical transmission of physical activity as a model of psychological well-being as a basis for healthy behaviors in adulthood.
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