Problem Solving Brief Therapy: A Case Conducted by John Weakland.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33898/rdp.v27i104.99Palabras clave:
Systemic Family Therapy, Problem Solving Brief Therapy, Weakland, Problem Definition, Attempted SolutionsResumen
This study aimed to analyze a case conducted by John Weakland, as a cofounder of Problem Solving Brief Therapy (PSBT), in order to have a better understanding of the model and how it is developed. Existing literature was reviewed emphasizing the most characteristic aspects of PSBT, which focuses primarily on promoting changes. The case studied is of a couple that requested therapy at the Mental Research Institute (MRI) in 1992 because they were afraid of their son diagnosed with schizophrenic disorder. The couple was visited by John Weakland, cofounder of the PSBT, and considered to be a pioneer in the field of family therapy. With over 30 years of experience as a psychotherapist, he always sought to promote simple strategies for solving problems of human behavior. The case occurred in two sessions, presenting a positive follow-up feedback from the clients, three weeks after the last session of the therapy. Transcriptions were content analyzed with the support of the Atlas.ti software, considering the therapist’s speech turns as units of analysis (n=136). The analysis shows that Weakland, within two sessions, Explores in 52.2% and Intervenes in 44.1%. Data suggests that PSBT, as applied by Weakland, is characterized for being highly intervening and focused on the present, using a language that facilitates understanding of the process, and thus allows a concise therapy.
Descargas
Citas
Barlow, D., & Hersen, M. (1984). Single-case experimental designs: Strategies for studying behavior change. New York: Pergamon Press.
Bateson, G., Jackson, D., Haley, J., y Weakland, J. (1956). Toward a theory of schizophrenia. Behavioral Science, 1(4), 251-264.
Bateson, G. (1972). Steps to an ecology of mind. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Bermúdez, C., & Brik, E. (2010). Terapia familiar sistémica. Aspectos teóricos y aplicación práctica. Madrid: Síntesis.
Blow, A., Sprenkle, D., & Davis, S. (2007). Is who delivers the treatment more important than the treatment itself? The role of the therapist in common factors. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 33(3), 298-317. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-0606.2007.00029.x
Botella, L., Maestra, J., Feixas, G., Corbella, S., & Vall, B. (2015). Integración en Psicoterapia 2015: Pasado, Presente y Futuro. Integración en Psicoterapia. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.1.1351.3040
Botella, L., & Vilaregut, A. (2001). La perspectiva sistémica en terapia familiar: Conceptos básicos, investigación y evolución. In La Familia: Nuevas aportaciones. Barcelona: Edebe.
Cade, B. (1995). John H. Weakland (1919-1995): Tribute to a pioneer. Journal of Family Therapy, 19, 357-362.
Corbella, S., & Botella, L. (2004). Investigación en psicoterapia: proceso, resultado y factores comunes. Barcelona: Visión Net.
Escudero, V., Friedlander, M. L., Varela, N. & Abascal, A. (2008). Observing the therapeutic alliance in family therapy: associations with participants' perceptions and therapeutic outcomes. Journal of Family Therapy, 30, 194–214. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6427.2008.00425.x
Feixas, G., & Miró, M. (1993). Aproximaciones a la psicoterapia: una introducción a los tratamientos psicológicos. Barcelona: Paidós.
Fish, R., Weakland, J., & Segal, L. (1982). Tactics of change: Doing Therapy Briefly. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Fisch, R., Ray, W., & Schlanger, K. (2009). Focused problem resolution. Selected papers of the MRI Brief Therapy Center. Phoenix: Zeig, Tucker & Theisen.
Friedlander, M., Escudero, V., & Heatherington, L. (2006). Therapeutic Alliances in Couple and Family Therapy: An Empirically Informed Guide to Practice. Washington: American Psychological Association.
Kratochwill, T. R., Hitchcock, J. H., Horner, R. H., Levin, J. R., Odom, S. L., Rindskopf, D. M., & Shadish, W. R. (2013). Single-Case Intervention Research Design Standards. Remedial and Special Education, 34(1), 26-38. doi: 10.1177/0741932512452794
Lebow, J. L. (2012). Common factors, shared themes, and resilience in families and family therapy. Family Process, 51(2), 159-162. doi:10.1111/j.1545-5300.2012.01400.x.
Linares, J. L. (2012). Terapia familiar ultramoderna. La inteligencia terapéutica. Barcelona: Herder.
Ludewig, K. (2005). Einführung in die theoretischen grundlagen der systemischen therapie. Heidelberg: Carl-Auer-Systeme Verlag.
Mateu, C., Vilaregut, A., Campo, C., Artigas, L., & Escudero, V. (2014). Construcción de la Alianza Terapéutica en la terapia de pareja: estudio de un caso con dificultades de manejo terapéutico. Anuario de Psicología, 44(1), 95-115.
Rohrbaug, M. J. (2014). Old wine in new bottles: Decanting systemic family process research in the era of evidence-based practice. Family Process, 53(3), 434-444. doi:10.1111/famp.12079
Rohrbaugh, M. J., & Shoham, V. (2001). Brief Therapy Based on Interrupting Ironic Processes: The Palo Alto Model. Clinical Psychology, 8(1), 66-81.
Rohrbaugh, M. J., Shoham, V., & Schlanger, K. (1992). In the brief therapy archives: A progress report. University of Arizona. Unpublished manuscript.
Schlanger, K., Cinella, M., Díaz, G., & González, P. (2014). Hoy en Palo Alto: un trabajao en escuelas californianas con población inmigrante. In Pensamiento Sistémico. Nuevas perspectivas y contextos de intervención. México: Litteris.
Shoham, V., Rohrbaugh, M. J., & Patterson, J. (1995). Problem-and solution-focused couple therapies: The MRI and Milwaukee Models. In Clinical handbook of marital therapy. New York: Guilford Press.
Sexton, T., & Datchi, C. (2014). The development and evolution of family therapy research: Its impact on practice, current status, and future directions. Family Process, 53(3), 415-433. doi:10.1111/famp.12084
Stake, R. E. (2010). Qualitative research: studying how things work. New York: The Guilford Press.
Thomas, R. (1995, July 16). John Weakland, an Originator of Family Therapy, Is Dead at 76. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/1995/07/16/obituaries/john-weakland-an-originator-of-family-therapy-is-dead-at-76.html
Watzlawick, P., Beavin, J., & Jackson, D. (1967). Pragmatics of human communication. New York: Norton.
Watzlawick, P., Weakland, J., & Fisch, R. (1974). Change. Principles of problem formation and problem solution. New York: Norton.
Weakland, J., & Fisch, R. (1992). Brief therapy MRI style. In Focused Problem Resolution. Selected Papers of the MRI Brief Therapy Center. Phoenix: Zeig, Tucker & Theisen.
Weakland, J., Fisch, R., Watzlawick, P., & Bodin, A. M. (1974). Brief therapy: Focused problem resolution. Family Process, 13, 141-168.
Weakland, J. (1976). Communication Theory and Clinical Change. In Focused problem resolution. Selected papers of the MRI Brief Therapy Center. Phoenix: Zeig, Tucker & Theisen.
Weakland, J., & Ray, W. (1995). Propagations: Thirty years of influence from the Mental Research Institute. New York: Haworth.
Yin, R. K. (1989). Case study research: design and methods. Newbury Park: Sage Publications.
