Impacto de un estilo de vida activo sobre la memoria emocional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.15.1.21446Palabras clave:
actividad deportiva, memoria, emociones, modulación, sport activity, memory, emotions, modulationResumen
Resumen
El ejercicio aeróbico y de resistencia se ha relacionado con la promoción de la salud física, además en los últimos años se han investigado sus beneficios a nivel cognitivo. En base a ello, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el posible efecto de tener un estilo de vida activo sobre la memoria emocional. Participaron del estudio 48 adultos de edad temprana y media (rango: 18-58 años) que llevaron a cabo un auto-reporte mediante el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física dando cuenta de la cantidad y tipo de actividad física realizada en una semana habitual o típica, es decir aquella sostenida durante los últimos tres meses de sus vidas. Para evaluar la memoria emocional los participantes observaron una serie de imágenes positivas, negativas y neutras seleccionadas del Sistema Internacional de Imágenes Afectivas. Luego se evaluó cuántas imágenes recordaban y reconocían (tanto de modo inmediato como diferido). Se halló que los sujetos que poseían un nivel alto de actividad física en su vida diaria recordaban inmediatamente más estímulos de valencia positiva que aquellos con niveles moderados y bajos. Además, este grupo obtuvo mejores resultados en la evaluación de reconocimiento inmediato. Por tanto, incorporar a la actividad física y deportiva como un estilo de vida, mostraría tener efectos favorables en la memoria de estímulos visuales vinculados a emociones positivas.
Abstract
Aerobic and resistance exercise has been related to physical health promotion, besides in the last years its effects at a cognitive level has been investigated. Based on that, the aim of the current work was to evaluate the possible effect of having an active life style on emotional memory. Forty-eight adults of early and middle age participated (range: 18-58 years old) who complete a report through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire about the amount and type of physical activity performed in a typical or regular week, i.e. a week sustained in the last three months of their lives. To evaluate emotional memory participants watched positive, negative and neutral images selected from the International Affective Picture System. Then, how many images they recall and recognize was evaluated (immediate and deferred measures). Participants that had a high level of physical activity in their lives remember immediately more positive images than those participants with a low or moderate level of activity. Besides, this group obtained better results in the immediate recognition measure. Thus, incorporate physical activity as a life style shows benefits in the emotional positive memory.
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