Pornografía infantil online: una revisión literaria de enfoque cultural
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.14.2.20766Palabras clave:
en línea, pornografía infantil, cultura, internet, dimensiones culturales de Hofstede, online, child pornography, culture, Hofstede’s cultural dimensionsAgencias Financiadoras:
This research was supported by a grant from Justice and Home Affairs Division of the European Commission. Special thanks to Laurence Alison (University of Liverpool) and Matthew Long (Technical leader of Fighting International Internet Paedophilia ProjectResumen
Resumen
La eclosión de Internet a nivel mundial ha facilitado la diseminación de pornografía infantil, siendo esta considerada un crimen a escala internacional. Por ello, hemos considerado relevante analizar los aspectos culturales vinculados a este delito. El objetivo de la presente investigación ha sido explorar los aspectos culturales incluidos en la literatura científica como variables clave para analizar este tipo de delitos, partiendo de las dimensiones culturales de Hofstede (2010) como marco teórico. Durante los años 2003 a 2016 se han publicado un total de 125 artículos sobre pornografía en la Web of Science®, si bien sólo 50 de ellos contenían referencias culturales implícitas o explícitas. Los resultados mostraron que son pocas las variables culturales consideradas, siendo el país de nacimiento o la raza las principalmente incluidas. El principal resultado de nuestra investigación constata la importancia de incorporar la dimensión cultural en el trabajo policial al establecer los indicadores que determinan el factor de riesgo en agresores. En este sentido, en el contexto europeo, herramientas como la Kent Internet Risk Assessment Tool (KIRAT) se han visto enriquecidas a partir de los resultados de esta investigación
Abstract
Due to the Internet expansion around the world, child pornography is internationally considered as a crime, but we are uncertain of whether culture has some impact on it. The objective of the present review was to explore cultural aspects included in literature as key variables to analyse this type of crimes, using Hofstede’s cultural dimensions (2010) as theoretical framework. A total of 125 papers on pornography (period: 2003-2016) were found in Web of Science®; but only 50 contain some implicit or explicit cultural references. The results showed few cultural variables considered for the scientific approach to child pornography, being the country of birth or race the mainly only ones considered. The major contribution of our research highlights the importance to incorporate the cultural dimension in the police task to assess the indicators that determine the risk factors in aggressors. In this sense, the present research contributes to hypothesize probable cultural differences when using tools as the Kent Internet Risk Assessment Tool (KIRAT) in the European context.
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