Philosopher and Theurge in the Thought of Iamblichus: A Metaphysics of the Symbol

Abstract

The coexistence of an indisputable valuation of philosophy and a substantial presence of theurgy in the thought of Iamblichus poses a challenge to contemporary studies. Within current interpretative parameters, it is difficult to understand that both are present simultaneously, since at their very core they seem contradictory. In spite of the gradual recovery of the importance and seriousness of his thought that is taking place at present, many points remain unsolved. A new interpretative framework is needed to account for the convergence of philosophy and theurgy in the thought of Iamblichus, respecting its internal coherence and searching for the meaning and soundness of what he proposes. The profound theoretical implications of the notion of symbol are crucial in the search for this framework. This framework will help us to understand the nature and function of the theurge in the thought of Iamblichus. I will begin by defining the key issues: 1) the understanding of philosophy found in the Platonic tradition and thinkers in general, in classical times, 2) the presence of the language of mystery in the philosophy of Plato, and 3) the historical context in which Iamblichus moves, along with the pagan philosophy of that time. Later we will reflect on the understanding of the divine in the De Mysteriis. All these elements lead us to the conclusion that Iamblichus does not propose to introduce irrationalism but rather to read theurgy from the theoretical framework that Platonic philosophy and the mediations it develops provide.