Analysis of the influence of the use of cutting fluids in hybrid processes of machining and laser metal deposition (LMD)

Abstract

As global pressure in the field of production increases, there is a greater tendency towards processes that provide flexibility and efficiency, while maintaining the quality of the final product. One of the current trends is the integration of different processes in the same machine, leading to the so-called hybrid machines. An example of hybrid machine is that integrated by additive manufacturing and machining processes. One of the limitations when combining machining and Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) is the presence of cutting fluid remnants on the part after machining stages, what may degrade the quality of the deposited material. Consequently, the present work aims to analyze the influence of the use of cutting fluid and its possible adverse effects in hybrid processes of machining and LMD. For this purpose, various LMD tests have been performed on a previously machined part, both direct (with no cleaning) and after cleaning its surface by different methods. Finally, the metallurgical integrity of each test is analyzed and the defects that appear in them are evaluated. This way, a relationship between the use of cutting fluid in the machining stage and the quality of the subsequently deposited material can be established.