Evaluación de las experiencias de tipo psicótico en adolescentes españoles: Baremación del Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/rppc.26916Keywords:
Psicosis, experiencias de tipo psicótico, adolescentes, jóvenes, validación, baremaciónAbstract
Assessment of psychotic-like experiences in Spanish adolescents: Normative data of the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B)
Abstract: The main objective of this work was to establish the normative data of the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B) in a representative sample of Spanish adolescents. A total of 3,441 adolescents (M = 15.91 years, SD = 1.33 years) were selected by sampling stratified by clusters. The results showed that the point prevalence of psychotic-like experiences varied between 12% and 48%. An 82.9% of the sample reported at least one attenuated psychotic-like experience. Percentile norms were made for the total score and according to gender. The PQ-B is a brief, simple, useful measuring instrument with adequate psychometric properties for the assessment of subclinical psychosis phenotype in the Spanish adolescent population. It is transcendental that the psychologists have adequate tools for a reliable and valid assessment of this phenomenon in order to make informed decisions and optimize educational and socio-health resources.
Keywords: Psychosis; psychotic experiences; adolescents; youth; validation; norms.
Resumen: El principal objetivo de este trabajo fue baremar el Cuestionario de Pródromos-Breve (Prodromal Questionnaire- Brief, PQ-B) a partir de una muestra representativa de adolescentes españoles. Un total de 3441 adolescentes (M = 15.91 años, DT = 1.33 años) fueron seleccionados mediante muestreo estratificado por conglomerados. Los resultados mostraron que la prevalencia puntual de experiencias psicóticas osciló entre el 12% y el 48%. Un 82.9% de la muestra refirió al menos una experiencia psicótica atenuada. Los baremos tipo percentiles se confeccionaron para la puntuación total y en función del género. El PQ-B es un instrumento de medida breve, sencillo, útil y con adecuadas propiedades psicométricas para la valoración de las experiencias de tipo psicótico en población adolescente española. Es transcendental que el profesional de la psicología disponga de adecuadas herramientas para la evaluación fiable y válida de este fenómeno de cara a tomar decisiones fundamentadas y optimizar los recursos educativos y socio-sanitarios.
Palabras clave: Psicosis; experiencias de tipo psicótico; adolescentes; jóvenes; validación; baremación.
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