Revisión sistemática de la relación entre sintomatología postraumática y conductas suicidas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5944/rppc.27757Palabras clave:
Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático, ideación suicidio, intentos de suicidio, revisión sistemáticaAgencias Financiadoras:
Universidad Complutense de MadridResumen
Systematic review of the relationship between post-traumatic symptomatology and suicidal behavior
Abstract: Evidence has consistently demonstrated the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and suicide. However, there is little research related to the differential relationships between the PTSD symptom clusters (avoidance, re-experiencing, hyperarousal and negative alterations in cognitions and mood) and risk and suicidal behavior. The present systematic review studies the relationship between these post-traumatic symptom clusters and suicidal behavior (suicidal ideation and suicide attempts). The review includes 20 articles from the databases PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES and Web of Science. Results indicate that hyperarousal significantly predicts suicidal ideation in 53.33% and suicide attempts in 42.85% of the studies reviewed. Reduction of hyperarousal symptoms should be considered a priority objective in the development of therapeutic interventions to reduce suicide risk in people with post-traumatic conditions or diagnosed with PTSD.
Key words: PTSD; hyperarousal symptoms; suicidal ideation; suicide attempt; systematic review.
Resumen: Existe evidencia contrastada de la relación entre el trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT) y el suicidio. No obstante, existen pocas investigaciones sobre las relaciones diferenciales entre los grupos de síntomas de TEPT (evitación, re-experimentación, hiperactivación y alteraciones negativas cognitivas y del estado de ánimo [ANCE]) y la conducta suicida. La presente revisión sistemática estudia la relación entre estos grupos de síntomas postraumáticos y la conducta suicida (ideación e intentos suicidas). La revisión incluye 20 artículos procedentes de las bases de datos PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES y Web of Science. Los resultados apuntan que la hiperactivación predice de forma significativa la ideación suicida en el 53.33% de los estudios revisados y los intentos de suicidio en el 42.85% de los mismos. La reducción de los síntomas de hiperactivación debe considerarse un objetivo prioritario en la elaboración de intervenciones terapéuticas para reducir el riesgo suicida en personas con cuadros postraumáticos o diagnóstico de TEPT.
Palabras clave: TEPT; hiperactivación; ideación suicida; intentos de suicidio; revisión sistemática.
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